High Dose Chemotherapy Using BeEAM for Autologous Transplant in Multiple Myeloma

Multiple Myeloma Clinical Trial

Official title:

A Phase II Trial of High-dose Bendamustine, Etoposide, Cytarabine, and Melphalan (BeEAM) in the Up-front Treatment of Multiple Myeloma

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02416206
• Other study ID #: NSH 1107
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: April 27, 2015
• Est. completion date: April 21, 2021

Study information

• Verified date: May 2023
• Source: Northside Hospital, Inc.
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

High-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as part of the up-front treatment of patients with multiple myeloma has been associated with improved disease-free and overall survival in multiple large randomized controlled trials. Following 3-6 cycles of standard induction therapy with biologic agents, consolidation with high dose Melphalan and ASCT has become the standard-of-care approach for fit myeloma patients up to 70 years of age. Single-agent high-dose Melphalan (200mg/m2) is currently the standard-of-care preparative regimen prior to autologous transplant in Myeloma. Historical studies utilizing Busulfan- or Total Body Irradiation-based preparative regimens have yielded similar results to single-agent Melphalan with higher toxicity.

Description:

Myeloma patients, following up-front induction therapy, will receive an ASCT following a high-dose bendamustine-based preparative regimen (BeEAM). The primary endpoint of this trial will be the rate of CR at day 100 post-transplant. Experience from the literature, as well as results from our institution, suggests that following ASCT for the upfront treatment of myeloma, the rate of CR at day 100 post-transplant is approximately 45%. It is hoped that under this protocol, this rate will be at least 65%. Thus we statistically formalize this study by testing the null hypothesis that p, the CR rate is 0.65 or more versus the alternative hypothesis that p is less than 0.45. A sample size of 65 pts gives 90% power with an alpha=0.05, using the formula for a one sample binomial (two-sided) test of a proportion.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 65
• Est. completion date: April 21, 2021
• Est. primary completion date: March 26, 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 70 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age between 18 - 70 years

• Karnofsky status = 70%

• Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma

• Within 9 months of the start of induction chemotherapy and no evidence of relapse or progression.

• Availability of Cryopreserved peripheral blood stem cells with a CD34 dose of at least 2x106/kg.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Poor cardiac function: left ventricular ejection fraction <40%

• Poor pulmonary function: FEV1, FVC, or DLCO <40% predicted

• Poor liver function: bilirubin >2.5 mg/dl (not due to hemolysis, Gilbert's or primary malignancy), AST/ALT > 3X ULN

• Poor renal function: Creatinine >2.0 mg/dl or creatinine clearance < 40 mL/min (calculated creatinine clearance is permitted)

• Ongoing or active systemic infection, active hepatitis B or C virus infection, or known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive.

• Women of childbearing potential who currently are pregnant or who are not practicing adequate contraception

• Patients who have any debilitating medical or psychiatric illness which would preclude their giving informed consent or their receiving optimal treatment and follow-up.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Multiple Myeloma
• Neoplasms, Plasma Cell

Intervention

Drug:
• BeEAM
BeEAM

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Blood and Marrow Transplant Group of Georgia	Atlanta	Georgia

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Northside Hospital, Inc.	Teva Pharmaceuticals USA

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (26)

Alexanian R, Weber D, Giralt S, Dimopoulos M, Delasalle K, Smith T, Champlin R. Impact of complete remission with intensive therapy in patients with responsive multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2001 May;27(10):1037-43. doi: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1703035. — View Citation

Alvares CL, Davies FE, Horton C, Patel G, Powles R, Sirohi B, Zuha R, Gatt A, Saso R, Treleaven JG, Dearden CE, Potter MN, Ethell ME, Morgan GJ. Long-term outcomes of previously untreated myeloma patients: responses to induction chemotherapy and high-dose melphalan incorporated within a risk stratification model can help to direct the use of novel treatments. Br J Haematol. 2005 Jun;129(5):607-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2005.05514.x. — View Citation

Anagnostopoulos A, Aleman A, Ayers G, Donato M, Champlin R, Weber D, Alexanian R, Giralt S. Comparison of high-dose melphalan with a more intensive regimen of thiotepa, busulfan, and cyclophosphamide for patients with multiple myeloma. Cancer. 2004 Jun 15;100(12):2607-12. doi: 10.1002/cncr.20294. — View Citation

Attal M, Harousseau JL, Stoppa AM, Sotto JJ, Fuzibet JG, Rossi JF, Casassus P, Maisonneuve H, Facon T, Ifrah N, Payen C, Bataille R. A prospective, randomized trial of autologous bone marrow transplantation and chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. Intergroupe Francais du Myelome. N Engl J Med. 1996 Jul 11;335(2):91-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199607113350204. — View Citation

Attal M, Harousseau JL. The role of high-dose therapy with autologous stem cell support in the era of novel agents. Semin Hematol. 2009 Apr;46(2):127-32. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2009.02.006. — View Citation

Bjorkstrand B, Goldstone AH, Ljungman P, Brandt L, Brunet S, Carlson K, Prentice G, Cavo M, Samson D, de Laurenzi A, et al. Prognostic factors in autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: an EBMT Registry Study. European Group for Bone Marrow Transplantation. Leuk Lymphoma. 1994 Oct;15(3-4):265-72. doi: 10.3109/10428199409049723. — View Citation

Brinker BT, Waller EK, Leong T, Heffner LT Jr, Redei I, Langston AA, Lonial S. Maintenance therapy with thalidomide improves overall survival after autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. Cancer. 2006 May 15;106(10):2171-80. doi: 10.1002/cncr.21852. — View Citation

Christoforidou AV, Saliba RM, Williams P, Qazilbash M, Roden L, Aleman A, Weber D, Mendoza F, Podoloff D, Wendt R 3rd, Breitz H, Alexanian R, Champlin R, Giralt S. Results of a retrospective single institution analysis of targeted skeletal radiotherapy with (166)Holmium-DOTMP as conditioning regimen for autologous stem cell transplant for patients with multiple myeloma. Impact on transplant outcomes. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2007 May;13(5):543-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2006.12.448. Epub 2007 Feb 26. — View Citation

Desikan KR, Tricot G, Dhodapkar M, Fassas A, Siegel D, Vesole DH, Jagannath S, Singhal S, Mehta J, Spoon D, Anaissie E, Barlogie B, Munshi N. Melphalan plus total body irradiation (MEL-TBI) or cyclophosphamide (MEL-CY) as a conditioning regimen with second autotransplant in responding patients with myeloma is inferior compared to historical controls receiving tandem transplants with melphalan alone. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000 Mar;25(5):483-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1702167. — View Citation

Giralt S, Bensinger W, Goodman M, Podoloff D, Eary J, Wendt R, Alexanian R, Weber D, Maloney D, Holmberg L, Rajandran J, Breitz H, Ghalie R, Champlin R. 166Ho-DOTMP plus melphalan followed by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma: results of two phase 1/2 trials. Blood. 2003 Oct 1;102(7):2684-91. doi: 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3250. Epub 2003 May 1. — View Citation

Giralt S, Vesole DH, Somlo G, Krishnan A, Stadtmauer E, Mccarthy P, Pasquini MC; Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network Multiple Myeloma Working Group. Re: Tandem vs single autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for the treatment of multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Jul 1;101(13):964; author reply 966-7. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djp126. Epub 2009 Jun 17. No abstract available. — View Citation

Grey-Davies E, Bosworth JL, Boyd KD, Ebdon C, Saso R, Chitnavis D, Mercieca JE, Morgan GJ, Davies FE. Bendamustine, Thalidomide and Dexamethasone is an effective salvage regimen for advanced stage multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol. 2012 Feb;156(4):552-5; author reply 555. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08887.x. Epub 2011 Sep 26. No abstract available. — View Citation

Harousseau JL, Attal M, Divine M, Marit G, Leblond V, Stoppa AM, Bourhis JH, Caillot D, Boasson M, Abgrall JF, et al. Autologous stem cell transplantation after first remission induction treatment in multiple myeloma. A report of the French Registry on Autologous Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma. Stem Cells. 1995 Aug;13 Suppl 2:132-9. doi: 10.1002/stem.5530130721. — View Citation

Harousseau JL, Avet-Loiseau H, Attal M, Charbonnel C, Garban F, Hulin C, Michallet M, Facon T, Garderet L, Marit G, Ketterer N, Lamy T, Voillat L, Guilhot F, Doyen C, Mathiot C, Moreau P. Achievement of at least very good partial response is a simple and robust prognostic factor in patients with multiple myeloma treated with high-dose therapy: long-term analysis of the IFM 99-02 and 99-04 Trials. J Clin Oncol. 2009 Dec 1;27(34):5720-6. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.21.1060. Epub 2009 Oct 13. — View Citation

Harousseau JL, Moreau P. Evolving role of stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma. 2005 Sep;6(2):89-95. doi: 10.3816/CLM.2005.n.034. — View Citation

Krejci M, Buchler T, Hajek R, Svobodnik A, Krivanova A, Pour L, Adam Z, Mayer J, Vorlicek J. Prognostic factors for survival after autologous transplantation: a single centre experience in 133 multiple myeloma patients. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2005 Jan;35(2):159-64. doi: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704728. — View Citation

Kyle RA, Rajkumar SV. Criteria for diagnosis, staging, risk stratification and response assessment of multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2009 Jan;23(1):3-9. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.291. Epub 2008 Oct 30. Erratum In: Leukemia. 2014 Apr;28(4):980. — View Citation

Lahuerta JJ, Grande C, Martinez-Lopez J, De La Serna J, Toscano R, Ortiz MC, Larregla S, Conde E, Insunza A, Gonzalez-San Miguel JD, Bargay J, Cabrera R, Garcia-Ruiz JC, Albo C, Garcia-Alonso L, Solano F, Vivancos P, Leon A, San Miguel J; Grupo Espanol de Sindromes Linfoproliferativos/Trasplante Autologo de Medula Osea. Tandem transplants with different high-dose regimens improve the complete remission rates in multiple myeloma. Results of a Grupo Espanol de Sindromes Linfoproliferativos/Trasplante Autologo de Medula Osea phase II trial. Br J Haematol. 2003 Jan;120(2):296-303. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04067.x. — View Citation

Lentzsch S, O'Sullivan A, Kennedy RC, Abbas M, Dai L, Pregja SL, Burt S, Boyiadzis M, Roodman GD, Mapara MY, Agha M, Waas J, Shuai Y, Normolle D, Zonder JA. Combination of bendamustine, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (BLD) in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma is feasible and highly effective: results of phase 1/2 open-label, dose escalation study. Blood. 2012 May 17;119(20):4608-13. doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-12-395715. Epub 2012 Mar 26. — View Citation

Ludwig H, Kasparu H, Leitgeb C, Rauch E, Linkesch W, Zojer N, Greil R, Seebacher A, Pour L, Weissmann A, Adam Z. Bendamustine-bortezomib-dexamethasone is an active and well-tolerated regimen in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Blood. 2014 Feb 13;123(7):985-91. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-08-521468. Epub 2013 Nov 13. — View Citation

Moreau P, Facon T, Attal M, Hulin C, Michallet M, Maloisel F, Sotto JJ, Guilhot F, Marit G, Doyen C, Jaubert J, Fuzibet JG, Francois S, Benboubker L, Monconduit M, Voillat L, Macro M, Berthou C, Dorvaux V, Pignon B, Rio B, Matthes T, Casassus P, Caillot D, Najman N, Grosbois B, Bataille R, Harousseau JL; Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome. Comparison of 200 mg/m(2) melphalan and 8 Gy total body irradiation plus 140 mg/m(2) melphalan as conditioning regimens for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: final analysis of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome 9502 randomized trial. Blood. 2002 Feb 1;99(3):731-5. doi: 10.1182/blood.v99.3.731. — View Citation

O'Shea D, Giles C, Terpos E, Perz J, Politou M, Sana V, Naresh K, Lampert I, Samson D, Narat S, Kanfer E, Olavarria E, Apperley JF, Rahemtulla A. Predictive factors for survival in myeloma patients who undergo autologous stem cell transplantation: a single-centre experience in 211 patients. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2006 Apr;37(8):731-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705307. — View Citation

Ponisch W, Heyn S, Beck J, Wagner I, Mohren M, Hoffmann FA, Lange T, Schmalfeld M, Zehrfeld T, Schwarzer A, Winkelmann C, Edelmann T, Rohrborn R, Hebenstreit K, Al-Ali HK, Jakel N, Niederwieser D. Lenalidomide, bendamustine and prednisolone exhibits a favourable safety and efficacy profile in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: final results of a phase 1 clinical trial OSHO - #077. Br J Haematol. 2013 Jul;162(2):202-9. doi: 10.1111/bjh.12361. Epub 2013 May 21. — View Citation

Ponisch W, Mitrou PS, Merkle K, Herold M, Assmann M, Wilhelm G, Dachselt K, Richter P, Schirmer V, Schulze A, Subert R, Harksel B, Grobe N, Stelzer E, Schulze M, Bittrich A, Freund M, Pasold R, Friedrich T, Helbig W, Niederwieser D; East German Study Group of Hematology and Oncology (OSHO). Treatment of bendamustine and prednisone in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma results in superior complete response rate, prolonged time to treatment failure and improved quality of life compared to treatment with melphalan and prednisone--a randomized phase III study of the East German Study Group of Hematology and Oncology (OSHO). J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2006 Apr;132(4):205-12. doi: 10.1007/s00432-005-0074-4. Epub 2006 Jan 10. — View Citation

Shimoni A, Smith TL, Aleman A, Weber D, Dimopoulos M, Anderlini P, Andersson B, Claxton D, Ueno NT, Khouri I, Donato M, Korbling M, Alexanian R, Champlin R, Giralt S. Thiotepa, busulfan, cyclophosphamide (TBC) and autologous hematopoietic transplantation: an intensive regimen for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2001 Apr;27(8):821-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1703007. — View Citation

Visani G, Malerba L, Stefani PM, Capria S, Galieni P, Gaudio F, Specchia G, Meloni G, Gherlinzoni F, Giardini C, Falcioni S, Cuberli F, Gobbi M, Sarina B, Santoro A, Ferrara F, Rocchi M, Ocio EM, Caballero MD, Isidori A. BeEAM (bendamustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) before autologous stem cell transplantation is safe and effective for resistant/relapsed lymphoma patients. Blood. 2011 Sep 22;118(12):3419-25. doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-04-351924. Epub 2011 Aug 3. — View Citation

* Note: There are 26 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	To Estimate the Response at Day 100 Following Transplant (Rate of CR)	Using IMWG criteria: PR (partial response) noted as >50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24hr urinary M-protein by >90% or to <200mg/24h; VgPR (very good partial response) noted as serum and urine M-protein detectable by immunofixation but not on electrophoresis or >90% reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein level <100mg/24h; CR (complete response) noted as negative immunofixation on the serum and urine and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and <5% plasma cells in bone marrow; sCR (stringent complete response) noted as CR defined above plus normal FLC ratio and absence of clonal cells in bone marrow by immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence.	Day 100
Secondary	Number of Patients With Overall Survival Post-transplant		3 years
Secondary	Number of Patients With Progression-free Survival		3 years
Secondary	Number of Patients Who Relapsed After Transplant		3 years