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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

NCT number NCT04541901
Other study ID # 2020/10780-7
Secondary ID
Status Not yet recruiting
Phase N/A
First received
Last updated
Start date March 20, 2023
Est. completion date September 2023

Study information

Verified date March 2023
Source São Paulo State University
Contact Flavia A Carvalho, Master
Phone 18997446324
Email fla.acarvalho@hotmail.com
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Training prescription is planned considering recovery periods to enhance performance. To assess recovery, a complexity model can be used, in which the main variable would correspond to a fractal of performance. To assess the effectiveness of post-exercise massage and cold-water immersion under a new prism of recovery by means of muscle stiffness and movement variability analysis regarding the sport-specific gesture and an experimental task of shoulder elevation in swimmers.


Description:

Fifty swimmers from São Paulo state swimming teams will be initially assessed to investigate movement patterns at rest and after a fatigue protocol by means of inertial sensors. The participants will be assessed regarding their perceptions by the Swimmer's Perception of Effort Questionnaire (SPEQ), muscle stiffness by a myotonometer, skin temperature by a thermographic infrared camera and coordination by the Coordination Index and Continuous Relative Phase (CRP). Then, the athletes will perform the fatigue protocol again followed by five interventions in a crossover design separated by 24hr: i) superficial massage, ii) deep massage iii) cold-water immersion iv) immersion in thermoneutral water and v) control (no intervention). All procedures will be performed for an experimental task of shoulder elevation and the sport-specific gesture (front crawl simulation in swim bench). The statistical analysis will be conducted in SPSS software. To analyze fractal properties of time series the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) will be used where (α) varies from 0,5 to 1,5, interpreted as random series and Brownian noise, respectively. To compared pre and post assessments from initial testing the paired t test will be used. To compare perceptions, muscle stiffness and temperature between groups after fatigue protocol and intervention a Mixed ANOVA will be used with Greenhouse-Geisser corrections and Bonferroni post-hoc if necessary. Descriptive data will be presented as mean and standard deviations. All analysis will assume level of significance of P< 0,05.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Not yet recruiting
Enrollment 50
Est. completion date September 2023
Est. primary completion date July 2023
Accepts healthy volunteers Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Gender All
Age group 12 Years to 20 Years
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: - male and female athletes - between 12 and 20 years old - train regularly at swimming teams - no injury over the last month (any complaint that prevented the athlete from training or compete at least once) Exclusion Criteria: - use of pain killers at least 24h before study participation

Study Design


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Intervention

Other:
Massage
12 minutes of effleurage and petrissage on the upper limbs
Cold water immersion
12 minutes of cold water immersion at the shoulder level with water temperature between 11 to 15°C

Locations

Country Name City State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Flávia Carvalho

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Coordination pattern Eleven inertial sensors (XSens) will be positioned on the upper limbs, head and trunk. Data from the sensors will be extracted and processed with non linear analysis to determine the variability of the coordination pattern after fatigue and after interventions 1 day
Secondary Pain numerical rating scale Measured by a numerical rating scale ranging from 0 (nothing) to 10 (extreme) before and after the fatiguing protocol and interventions 1 day
Secondary Perception of Effort Measured by the modified Borg scale (CR10) ranging from 0 (nothing) to 10 (extremely strong) after the fatiguing protocol and interventions 1 day
Secondary Recovery Measured by a numerical rating scale ranging from 0 (nothing) to 10 (extreme) after the fatiguing protocol and interventions 1 day
Secondary Myotonometry The MyotonPRO probe will be placed perpendicular to the skin surface on the muscle belly previously marked with a pen by the evaluator at 1: Deltoid; 2: Pectoralis Major; 3: Biceps brachii; 4: Upper Trapezius; 5: Latissimus dorsi; 7: Triceps. Measured before and after the fatiguing protocol and interventions 1 day
Secondary Skin temperature The temperature will be measured using an infrared thermographic camera, at the same points of myotonometry. Measured before and after the interventions 1 day
Secondary Beliefs in the recovery techniques Participants will be asked if they believe that massage, cold-water immersion and resting contribute to their recovery before and after the study 1 day
Secondary Preference After the study the participants will be asked which of the interventions they preferred to received to recover from the fatiguing exercise 1 day
Secondary Sense of position Participants will be asked to position their dominant upper limb at 90° which will be indicated by a target fixed on the wall 1 meter ahead of them. They will have 3 chances to point at the target and memorize the position. Afterwards, participants will have 3 chances to point at the target without vision (by blindfold). Measured before and after the fatiguing exercise and interventions 1 day
Secondary Psychological questionnaire Participantes should rate physical and mental readiness for the exercise, fatigue, vigor and sleepness from 0 (nothing) to 10 (extreme) 1 day
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