The Impact of Reactivation During Sleep on the Consolidation of Abstract Information in Humans

Memory Consolidation Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Emergence of Abstract Structure Knowledge Across Learning and Sleep

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05746299
• Other study ID #: 833228A
• Secondary ID: 1R21MH128788-01A
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: March 29, 2023
• Est. completion date: June 30, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: April 2024
• Source: University of Pennsylvania
• Contact: Anna C Schapiro, PhD
• Phone: 6177974555
• Email: aschapir[@]sas.upenn.edu
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

In any given cognitive domain, representations of individual elements are not independent but are organized by means of structured relations. Representations of this underlying structure are powerful, allowing generalization and inference in novel environments. In the semantic domain, structure captures associations between different semantic features or concepts (e.g., green, wings, can fly) and is known to influence the development and deterioration of semantic knowledge. The investigators recently found that humans more easily learn novel categories that contain clusters of reliably co-occurring features, revealing an influence of structure on novel category formation. However, a critical unknown is whether learned representations of structure are closely tied to category-specific elements, or whether such representations become abstract to some extent, transformed away from the experienced features. Further, if abstract structural representations do emerge, prior work provides intriguing hints that these representations may require offline consolidation during awake rest or sleep. The investigators have developed a paradigm in which carefully designed graph structures govern the pattern of feature co-occurrences within individual categories. Here the investigators implement a "structure transfer" extension of this paradigm in order to determine whether learning one structured category facilitates learning of a second identically structured category defined by a new set of features. This facilitation would provide evidence that structure representations are abstract to some degree. Aim 1 will use these methods to evaluate whether abstract structural representations emerge immediately during learning. Aim 2 will determine whether these representations persist, or emerge, over a delay, and whether sleep-based consolidation in particular is needed. The role of replay of recent experience during sleep will be evaluated using electroencephalography (EEG) paired with closed-loop targeted memory reactivation (TMR), a technique that enables causal influence over the consolidation of recently learned information in humans. This work will inform and constrain theories of semantic learning as well as theories of structure learning and representation more broadly.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 250
• Est. completion date: June 30, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: June 30, 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 35 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Ages between 18 and 35

Exclusion Criteria:

• No medical or neurological illness that would impact experimental performance

• Not a member of a vulnerable population

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Memory Consolidation

Intervention

Behavioral:
• Congruent vs. Incongruent
The Congruent vs. Incongruent intervention relates to the feature-based structure of the novel categories (Modular or non-Modular) and whether there is (Congruent) or is not (Incongruent) a match between what was previously learned and the final target category.
• Immediate vs. Awake vs. Asleep
Immediate, Awake, and Sleep refer to either no break, 2.5 hours awake, or 2 hours asleep plus a 30-minute post-nap break to account for sleep inertia between learning and target category.
• Targeted memory reactivation (TMR)
Targeted memory reactivation (TMR) is the systematic presentation of sounds during sleep that were associated with certain stimuli during learning and will be administered either during slow wave sleep (SWS) or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	University of Pennsylvania	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of Pennsylvania	National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

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* Note: There are 84 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Structure knowledge for a new Modular category in Stage 2	Accuracy (0-100%) on the missing feature task in Stage 2	In Aim 1, accuracy is collected in a missing feature task 25 min. into the experiment, taking 25 min. In Aim 2, accuracy is collected in a missing feature task over 25 min in Stage 2