Malaria Clinical Trial
— AEGIS KenyaOfficial title:
A Cluster Randomized Trial of the Efficacy of a Spatial Repellent (the Envelope) on Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Incidence as Measured by Time to First Infection in Western Kenya
Verified date | April 2024 |
Source | University of Notre Dame |
Contact | n/a |
Is FDA regulated | No |
Health authority | |
Study type | Interventional |
Spatial repellents are chemical-based devices that when placed in a room, make that room non-conducive for mosquitoes. These tools can be used to help in the fight against vector borne diseases such as malaria and dengue. However, their efficacy in reducing mosquito biting and therefore malaria transmission has never been evaluated in Africa. This study will evaluate the efficacy of a spatial repellent in reducing mosquito biting on human beings and measure the impact any reduced biting will have on malaria transmission. The investigators will recruit and follow-up 5,984 children between 6 months and <10 years of age in Busia County to determine how many times they will be infected with malaria in villages where the investigators will have distributed spatial repellents and compare the rate of infection to villages where the investigators will not have distributed the repellent devices. Additionally, the investigators will measure whether the distribution of spatial repellents in one village will drive mosquitoes to their neighboring houses thereby increasing malaria transmission in those areas. The children participating in the study will be divided into 3 groups (cohorts). The first group will be followed up during the first 4 months before any intervention is distributed and the purpose here will be to determine that the villages are comparable. After this, the investigators will recruit the next group of participants and follow them up for 1 year and repeat this again for another year. During the follow-up, the children will be asked to come to the health facility where they will be tested for malaria using RDT or blood slide for microscopy. Every two weeks, a member of the study team will come to the participant's house and ask them if they had any history of fever. If the participants had fever, they will be tested for malaria. All children who turn out to be positive for malaria by RDT will be treated free of charge. At the same time, the investigators shall also perform mosquito collections to determine the impact of spatial repellents on the density of Anopheles mosquitoes.
Status | Completed |
Enrollment | 5984 |
Est. completion date | December 9, 2023 |
Est. primary completion date | October 23, 2023 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | All |
Age group | 6 Months to 10 Years |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - Children aged 6 months to <10 years - Hb > 5mg/dl - Sleeps in cluster >90% of nights during any given month - No plans for extended travel (>1month) outside of home during study - Not participating in another clinical trial investigating a vaccine, drug, medical device, or a medical procedure during the Trial - Provision of informed consent form signed by the parent(s) or guardian - Children not on regular malaria prophylaxis° such as Proguanil - Willingness to take AL and no history of hypersensitivity to AL Exclusion Criteria: - Children < 6 months or = 10 years - Hb = 5 mg/dL, or Hb < 6mg/dL with signs of clinical decompensation - Sleeps in cluster <90% of nights during any given month - Plans for extended travel (>1month) outside of home during study - Participating or planned participation in another clinical trial investigating a vaccine, drug, medical device, or a medical procedure during the trial - No provision of informed consent form signed by the parent(s) or guardian - Children on regular malaria prophylaxis° such as Proguanil - Unwillingness or refusal to take AL and history of AL hypersensitivity - Other malaria prophylaxis medicines: Mefloquine, Atavaquone/Proguanil (Malarone), Doxycycline, Tafenoquine, Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (Fansidar), Amodiaquine and Co-trimoxazole (Septrin) |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
Kenya | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | Busia | Busia County |
Kenya | Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) | Busia | Busia County |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
University of Notre Dame | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, fhiClinical, Kenya Medical Research Institute, SC Johnson, A Family Company |
Kenya,
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Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | First-time malaria infection in core zones during intervention period. | Measured by microscopy in children aged between 6 months to 10 years. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Overall new malaria infections in core zones during intervention period. | Measured by microscopy in children aged between 6 months to 10 years. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Overall new malaria infections in buffer zones during intervention period. | Measured by microscopy in children aged between 6 months to 10 years. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Parasite-species-specific first-time malaria infections in the core zones. | Measured by microscopy in children aged between 6 months to 10 years. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Parasite-species-specific overall malaria infections in the core zones. | Measured by microscopy in children aged between 6 months to 10 years. | 12 months | |
Secondary | The first-time malaria infections in buffer zones during intervention period. | Measured by microscopy in children aged between 6 months to 10 years. | 12 months | |
Secondary | The first time malaria infections by two age groups (= 59 months old; 5 years to 10 years old). | Measured by microscopy in children aged between 6 months to 10 years. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Overall malaria infections by two age groups (= 59 months old; 5 years to 10 years old). | Measured by microscopy in children aged between 6 months to 10 years. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Anopheline-human contact (indoor and outdoor) using human biting rate (HBR) as an indicator for all anophelines and by anopheline species. | Measured by human-landing catch (HLC) during 12-h intervals on a quarterly basis during intervention period. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Anopheline parity rate as an indicator of population age structure for all anophelines and by anopheline species. | Measured by mosquito ovarian dissections from a sub-sample of anophelines collected during HLC procedures during intervention period. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Anopheline infectivity using sporozoite rate as an indicator for all anophelines and by anopheline species. | Measured by laboratory detection of sporozoites in mosquito head-preps from a sub-sample of anophelines collected during HLC and/or CDC-light trap procedures during intervention period. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Anopheline infectivity using EIR as an indicator for all anophelines and by anopheline species. | Measured by calculating the number of sporozoite-infected anopheline mosquitoes captured per person during intervention period from HLC and/or CDC-light trap procedures. | 12 months | |
Secondary | CDC-light trap indoor density for all anophelines and by anopheline species. | Measured by CDC-light trap collections during 12-h intervals on a monthly basis during intervention period. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Insecticide resistance. | Measured by WHO filter paper test and CDC bottle assays during baseline and intervention period. | 28 months | |
Secondary | Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events. | Measured by solicited and unsolicited reports during baseline and intervention period. Mean, minimum and maximum frequency and percentage of AEs and SAEs across clusters among enrolled subjects will be summarized by treatment arm. | 28 months |
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