View clinical trials related to Malaria.
Filter by:This study is a cluster-randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of community-based mass screening with a malaria rapid diagnostic test, and treatment of participants with positive tests with an appropriate antimalarial for reducing malaria transmission indices.
Background: Malaria is a serious disease. It is passed by infected mosquitoes. In many parts of Africa, malaria continues to be the main cause of death in young children and pregnant women. Researchers want to find out more about how malaria affects pregnant women and their babies. Objectives: To study the rate of miscarriage and stillbirth during the second and third trimesters among women in a certain district in Mali. To study rates of malaria infection over time among pregnant women and children in this area. Eligibility: Pregnant women of any age and pregnancy stage and their newborns. They must live in Ouelessebougou, Mali. Children up to 10 years old who live there. Design: Information about the study will be shared at community meetings, during visits to the health centers, and during census updates. Participants will read and sign a consent form. Pregnant women will be screened to see if they are eligible. They may have a urine test. They may have an ultrasound to date their pregnancy. Ultrasound uses sound waves to take pictures of the body. Women will be enrolled in the study after they have their babies. Participants may have a physical exam. Some participants will provide a finger/heel prick blood sample. Participants will complete a questionnaire. They will be asked about: Medical history Antimalarial and other interventions Socioeconomic status Their pregnancy Previous pregnancies Health of their newborn...
The present study assesses the pharmacokinetic profile of Ivermectin (IVM) in healthy human volunteers and aims to create a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model. Planned indication is the prevention of malaria transmission.
Background: Researchers are looking for new ways to control and eradicate malaria. They want to test vaccines to block malaria transmission in adults in Mali. These vaccines work by inducing antibodies in a person. The antibody is then taken up with blood by a mosquito that bites the person. This blocks parasite development in the mosquito. This stops malaria transmission to another person. Objective: To test the safety, reactogenicity, immunogenicity, and transmission-blocking activity of the vaccines Pfs25M-EPA and Pfs230D1M-EPA with AS01 in Malian adults. Eligibility: Healthy Malians ages 18-50 living in certain areas in Mali who: Are not pregnant or breastfeeding Are not infected with HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Do not have evidence of immunodeficiency Do not have history of severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis Design: Participants will be screened with: Medical history Physical exam Malaria Comprehension Exam Blood and urine tests Electrocardiogram (for participants in certain study groups) Participants will be randomly assigned to a study group. Participants will be monitored for 12-16 months. For the first 7 months, they will have between 1 and nine visits a month. The number depends on the month and on what group they are in. For the rest of the months, they will have 1 monthly visit. Each visit includes a physical exam. Most include blood tests. Participants will get 3 doses of a study or comparator vaccine. They get the vaccine through an injection in the upper arm. This occurs at their first visit, then 1 month later, and then 5 months later. Participants will be followed for at least 6 months after the last vaccine. If participants develop an injection site rash or reaction, photographs may be taken of the site.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is among the countries most affected by malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa. Condidering its size and the geographic position, the DRC is meant to play a major role in the malaria control in the region. The National Malaria Control program recommends artemisinin-based combination treatments (ACTs), in particular artesunate-amodiaquine or artemether-lumefrantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Previous studies indicated that ACTs are still effective, with efficacy above the required threshold of 90%. It is required to assess regularly the efficacy of antimalarial drugs, in order to ascertain the relevance of treatment guidelines such that, in case of increasing failure rates, alternative options can be decided ontime. The purpose of this trial is to assess efficacy and safety of artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ Winthrop®), artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem Dispersible®) and dihydro-artemisinin-piperaquine (Eurartesim®) at day 42 in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in six surveillance sites around DRC.
Microscopy remains a key indicator in drug efficacy testing performed in the context of clinical trials for monitoring existing antimalarials or in the context of regulatory clinical trials for registration of new drugs. It is one of the main diagnostic methods for malaria diagnosis in general, as in an ideal setting it can provide low-cost accurate diagnosis, determine the density of parasites in the blood, and accurately differentiate between different malaria parasite species, characteristics vital to the implementation of global plans for drug efficacy monitoring. Malaria rapid tests (RDTs), while useful for case management, do not provide information on the parasite density nor the species differentiation necessary for research and drug efficacy assessment. Microscopy therefore retains key advantages over a number of newer technologies, but its reliability is severely impeded by dependence on high technical competence of the human operators as well as availability of high quality equipment and reagents. Recent studies have demonstrated the frequent poor specificity and sensitivity associated with manual microscopy diagnostics in operational conditions , , . Advances in digital microscopy performance and affordability have now opened the door to potentially significant improvements in the performance of malaria diagnostic microscopy, overcoming serious deficiencies in current drug efficacy assessment, and more broadly in malaria diagnosis and management. Intellectual Ventures Laboratory (IVL), in collaboration with Global Good Fund (GG), has developed an initial microscope prototype to support its research into dark field imaging of unstained malaria slides. The system consists of low cost electromechanical components for scanning a standard slide, an optical train with a high numerical aperture objective, and an image capture system. Captured images are analyzed with custom image analysis software developed at GG/IVL, using algorithms that are designed for automatic malaria diagnosis, without user input. Additionally, image processing algorithms have been built around detection of Giemsa-stained malaria slides which is the current standard for malaria microscopy. Initial results show excellent potential for sensitivity and specificity which exceeds that of typical manual microscopists in the field. Based on the positive market and needs assessment in January, 2013, given by stakeholders in the malaria diagnostics community, GG/IVL are pursuing improvement and integration of this algorithm into a portable microscope platform with characteristics similar to the prototype microscope already developed at GG/IVL for dark field imaging. The prototype Autoscope was first tested in field settings in Thailand in Nov 2014 - Jan 2015 at clinics operated by the Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU). The goal of the first field evaluation was to assess the Autoscope in with respect to its diagnostic performance and also its suitability for harsh conditions typically encountered in field clinics. Further, user feedback on the design and functionality was sought. The Autoscope and the accompanying image analysis algorithms have since been further developed and a new version is now available for testing.
This is an open-label, multi-centre Phase I/IIa dose escalation blood-stage malaria CHMI trial to assess the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of the candidate malaria vaccine RH5.1/AS01. All volunteers recruited will be healthy, malaria naïve adults aged between 18 and 45 years. Volunteers will be recruited and vaccinated at the CCVTM, Oxford; Guys and St Thomas' NIHR CRF, London; and the NIHR WTCRF, Southampton for the Phase Ia part of the trial, and at the CCVTM, Oxford and Guys and St Thomas' NIHR CRF, London for the Phase IIa stage.
This is a study in which healthy adult volunteers will be given either an experimental Malaria vaccine or a saline control vaccine. Each volunteer will receive three vaccinations in total. Volunteers will be randomly allocated to one of two groups: Group 1 will receive a low dose of the Malaria vaccine on days 0, 28, and 56. Group 2 will receive a saline solution on days 0, 28, and 56.
In line with the global and regional efforts towards malaria elimination, a five year program was established to assist the NMCP in adopting targeted evidence-based elimination plans through a 'learn by doing' strategy. The project aims to generate knowledge as data is generated to inform the programmatic aspects of the elimination plan, most importantly how to clear malaria parasites from the asymptomatic reservoir.
This study aims to provide National Malaria Control Programs (NMCP), international donors and other key stakeholders with clear evidence on the impact and cost-effectiveness of using indoor residual spraying (IRS) with a non-pyrethroid insecticide in a high malaria transmission area that has universal long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) coverage. This is an interventional study with IRS serving as the research intervention. The district of Mopeia, in the province of Zambezia, Mozambique will be the study site. This is a high transmission area with a malaria parasite prevalence of 54% in children. The Ministry of Health distributed LLINs in Mopeia in 2014-2015. The NMCP through funding from President's Malaria Initiative Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project (PMI-AIRS) was able to cover half a district with indoor residual spraying. A simplified census took place in mid-2016 to determine the number of children five years of age and under in the district and enumerate and map the households to assist in implementation. From the 115 villages/bairros existent in Mopeia, 86 clusters were randomized in a government randomization ceremony to either receive IRS with Actellic or maintain no IRS. The IRS was implemented through a partnership between the NMCP and PMI-AIRS according to standard operational and consent procedures. From each cluster, a cohort of 18 children five years of age and under will be followed monthly to assess malaria incidence at the community level in both IRS and non-IRS villages. There will be 774 children in the IRS villages and 774 children in the no-IRS villages (total cohort will be 1548). Additionally, the routine health centre reporting system will be strengthened to assess malaria incidence in children five years of age and under by passive case detection. Three cross sectional studies in April 2017, April 2018, and April 2019 will assess changes in net use, health seeking behaviour and malaria prevalence at the community level. Entomological data will be collected from both IRS and non-IRS areas to assess the vector dynamics and insecticide resistance pattern of the local vector populations from sprayed and unsprayed areas. Data on the costs of the implementation as well as health-related expenditures at health system and household levels will be collected prospectively throughout the study. These costs will be determined using both health system and societal perspectives. The incidence rate in IRS and no-IRS areas will be combined with the micro-costing data to calculate the cost per case averted at community and health facility level. These findings will be disseminated to the NMCP and international donors and stakeholders to complement the World Health Organization (WHO) guidance on combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets.