Bell, Nicola, Anthony J Angwin, Wayne J. Wilson, and Wendy L. Arnott. 2022. "Literacy Development in Children with Cochlear Implants: A Narrative Review." Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties 27 (1): 115-34.
Ching TY, Cupples L Phonological Awareness at 5 years of age in Children who use Hearing Aids or Cochlear Implants. Perspect Hear Hear Disord Child. 2015 Sep;25(2):48-59. doi: 10.1044/hhdc25.2.48.
DesJardin JL, Ambrose SE, Eisenberg LS Literacy skills in children with cochlear implants: the importance of early oral language and joint storybook reading. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2009 Winter;14(1):22-43. doi: 10.1093/deafed/enn011. Epub 2008 Apr 15.
Ebert S, Lehrl S, Weinert S Differential Effects of the Home Language and Literacy Environment on Child Language and Theory of Mind and Their Relation to Socioeconomic Background. Front Psychol. 2020 Oct 29;11:555654. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.555654. eCollection 2020.
Eyalati N, Jafari Z, Ashayeri H, Salehi M, Kamali M Effects of parental education level and economic status on the needs of families of hearing-impaired children in the aural rehabilitation program. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2013 Winter;25(70):41-8.
Hassunah-Arafat, Safieh Muhamad, Dorit Aram, and Ofra Korat 2021. "Early Literacy in Arabic: The Role of SES, Home Literacy Environment, Mothers' Early Literacy Beliefs and Estimation of Their Children's Literacy Skills." Reading and Writing 34 (10): 2603-25.
Incognito, Oriana, and Giuliana Pinto 2021. "Longitudinal Effects of Family and School Context on the Development on Emergent Literacy Skills in Preschoolers." Current Psychology.
Kim, Sojung, Haesung Im, and Kyong Ah Kwon 2015. "The Role of Home Literacy Environment in Toddlerhood in Development of Vocabulary and Decoding Skills." Child and Youth Care Forum 44 (6): 835-52.
Liu, Cuina, George K Georgiou, and George Manolitsis. 2018. "Modeling the Relationships of Parents' Expectations, Family's SES, and Home Literacy Environment with Emergent Literacy Skills and Word Reading in Chinese." Early Childhood Research Quarterly 43: 1-10.
Ngorosho, Damaris, and Ulla Lahtinen 2010. "The Role of the Home Environment in Phonological Awareness and Reading and Writing Ability in Tanzanian Primary Schoolchildren." Education Inquiry 1 (3): 211-34.
Pluijm, M Van Der, A Van Gelderen, and J Kessels 2019. "Activities and Strategies for Parents With Less Education to Promote the Oral Language Development of Their Children: A Review of Empirical Interventions." School Community Journal 29 (1): 317-62.
Riser, Quentin H , Heather L. Rouse, Ji Young Choi, and Seulki Ku. 2020. "The Contribution of Home Literacy Context to Preschool Academic Competencies for American Indian and Alaska Native Children." Child and Youth Care Forum 49 (2): 303-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-019-09529-1.
Slicker, Gerilyn, Christina A Barbieri, Zachary K. Collier, and Jason T. Hustedt. 2021. "Parental Involvement during the Kindergarten Transition and Children's Early Reading and Mathematics Skills." Early Childhood Research Quarterly 55: 363-76.
Soleymani Z, Mahmoodabadi N, Nouri MM Language skills and phonological awareness in children with cochlear implants and normal hearing. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Apr;83:16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.01.013. Epub 2016 Jan 25.
Su M, Li P, Zhou W, Shu H Effects of socioeconomic status in predicting reading outcomes for children: The mediation of spoken language network. Brain Cogn. 2021 Feb;147:105655. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105655. Epub 2020 Nov 27.
Turan, F , and G. Akoglu. 2014. "Home Literacy Environment and Phonological Awareness Skills in Preschool Children | Okul Öncesi Dönemde Ev Okuryazarlik Ortami ve Fonolojik Farkindalik Becerileri." Hacettepe Egitim Dergisi 29 (3): 153-66.
Wang Y, Liu L, Zhang Y, Wei C, Xin T, He Q, Hou X, Liu Y The Neural Processing of Vocal Emotion After Hearing Reconstruction in Prelingual Deaf Children: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Brain Imaging Study. Front Neurosci. 2021 Jul 28;15:705741. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.705741. eCollection 2021.
Wilcox, M Jeanne, Shelley Gray, and Mark Reiser. 2020. "Preschoolers with Developmental Speech and/or Language Impairment: Efficacy of the Teaching Early Literacy and Language (TELL) Curriculum." Early Childhood Research Quarterly 51: 124-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2019.10.005.
The Relationship Between Phonological Awareness Skills and Home Environment Literacy in Cochlear Implant Users
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
