View clinical trials related to Infection, Bacterial.
Filter by:Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent life-threatening nosocomial infection in the ICU. Oropharyngeal colonization with bacterial pathogens is the first step toward lung infection. Oral hygiene with Chlorhexidine mouth wash (CMW) is among the most widespread preventive measure to prevent VAP. Precise microbial documentation of CMW efficacy on oropharyngeal colonization is lacking. Investigators wish to determine CMW antimicrobial efficacy in ICU ventilated patients and to measure chlorhexidine residual concentration in patients' saliva at the same time-points after CMW.
This is a 52-month study (8 months preparation; 36 months to conduct the trial; 8 months data analyses and manuscript preparation) of a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) of an intervention to improve infection management for suspected UTIs and LRIs among residents with advanced dementia (N=480; N=240/arm) living in NHs (N=24; N=12/arm). The NH is the unit of randomization as the intervention must be delivered at the facility level to avoid contamination and because this is how it would be employed in the real-world. Analyses will be at the patient level.
This quality improvement study will assess the antimicrobial use and prescribing practices of hospital and community prescribers for the ambulatory hemodialysis (HD) population in an urban academic outpatient HD unit in Ontario. Currently, in the outpatient HD unit at Toronto General Hospital (TGH), it is the standard of care for the patients to be screened on a weekly basis by the nephrology care team for the use of any oral or intravenous antimicrobials. Patient charts, pharmacy patient profiles and electronic medical records for these patients from September 1 2016 - April 30 2017 will be retrospectively reviewed in order to characterize antimicrobial use and its concordance with available clinical guidelines and antimicrobial stewardship principles described by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The primary objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial use in an ambulatory HD population. The secondary objective of the study is to determine the congruence of prescribed antimicrobial regimens with available clinical guidelines and antimicrobial stewardship principles described by the CDC. It is hypothesized that antimicrobial use among HD patients will be common and that antimicrobial prescribing practices are not congruent with recommendations from published clinical guidelines and antimicrobial stewardship principles for a significant proportion of patients included in the retrospective review. Descriptive analysis of the data will summarize the findings. Future research will build upon the results of this project, and may include the development of interventions that target gaps in knowledge and prescribing behaviours of prescribers who provide care to the ambulatory HD population.
ANTOINE is a prospective trial which aims to assess diagnostic performance of 7 biomarkers for the diagnosis of severe bacterial infections (SBI) in children aged from 7 days to 36 months. Fever is a frequent cause of consultation in pediatric emergency departments. Clinical diagnostic tools are rare and discrimination between severe bacterial infection and viral infection is difficult to confidently state. The prevalence of severe bacterial infections (IBS) varies from 10 to 25% according to the studies. Biological markers such as procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are commonly used in clinical practice. These markers have bacterial specificity but share a wide range of values with viral infections and do not make it possible to exclude or to confirm definitively the diagnosis of IBS. The use of new markers to improve the diagnosis of bacterial and viral infections is increasingly studied in adults. The diagnostic value of these new markers has been demonstrated by associating their dosage with that of CRP for example. This is the case for IP-10, TRAIL or MxA. However, very few pediatric studies have been carried out to date on these new biomarkers. However, in pediatrics, these diagnostic tools based on the combination of biomarkers to discriminate against viral and bacterial infections could be a major help in the suspicions of IBS. 7 biomarkers were selected to be evaluated in this study. This study is designed to determine the best biomarkers combination for the SBI diagnosis on a cohort of 800 patients.
Primary Hypothesis: chlorhexidine gluconate antiseptic vaginal preparation is superior to povidone-iodine vaginal preparation in decreasing the bacterial load within the vagina when prepping prior to a cesarean section.
AntibioTx is developping ATx201 as a topical product for treatment of skin infections, including infected atopic dermatitis.
endTB Clinical Trial a Phase III, randomized, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority, multi-country trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of five new, all-oral, shortened regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).