View clinical trials related to Infantile Spasms.
Filter by:Infantile spasms comprise a difficult to treat type of epilepsy in young children. Hormonal treatment, i.e. Prednisolone and ACTH are considered the treatment of choice. There is no consensus on the dosage of Prednisolone required for the treatment of infantile spasms. Recent data has shown that a high dose (4 mg/kg/day) may be more efficacious than the usual dose (2 mg/kg/day). However, there are no randomized controlled trials comparing these doses. A higher steroid dose may also be associated with more side effects. Therefore, this study was planned to compare the efficacy and tolerability of the high dose versus the usual dose in children with infantile spasms, in a randomized open-label trial design
Infantile spasms comprise an infantile epileptic encephalopathy characterized by hypsarrhythmia on EEG, and frequent neurodevelopmental regression. Unfortunately the treatment of this disorder remains difficult. The first-line options which include hormonal therapy, i.e., adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or oral corticosteroids, and vigabatrin are effective in 60-70% of the patients. Hormonal therapy is considered the best available treatment. Vigabatrin being expensive and of limited availability is not a feasible option for most patients in our setting. Also, these are however associated with significant side effects, and high relapse rates. Newer drugs such as topiramate, zonisamide, and levetiracetam have also been evaluated; however these drugs are less effective than ACTH. The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat, low carbohydrate diet. It has been used for treatment of intractable childhood epilepsy. The KD has also been shown to be effective for intractable infantile spasms; often after ACTH and vigabatrin have failed. The modified Atkins diet is a non-pharmacologic therapy for intractable childhood epilepsy that was designed to be a less restrictive alternative to the traditional ketogenic diet. This diet is started on an outpatient basis without a fast, allows unlimited protein and fat, and does not restrict calories or fluids. Preliminary data have shown efficacy in refractory infantile spasms. This diet is also ideal for resource-constraint settings with paucity of trained dieticians. Hence this study has been planned to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet in children with infantile spasms refractory to hormonal treatment in a randomized controlled trial.
The primary objective of the study is to evaluate vigabatrin pharmacokinetics (PK) in neonates receiving vigabatrin for infantile spasms (IS); and to determine the safety of vigabatrin.
The purpose of this study is to create a patient registry to collect and analyze information on subjects treated with Sabril and the prescribers of Sabril.
Infantile spasms constitute a type of catastrophic epilepsy syndrome occuring in young children. The ketogenic diet has been shown to be very effective in these children. The modified Atkins diet is a less restrictive option than the ketogenic diet, which has been effective in preliminary studies on refractory epilepsy in children, adolescents and adults. Modified Atkins diet may be of special importance in infants, as proteins are not restricted, hence no problems with growth are expected. Hence this pilot study has been planned to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet in infantile spasms refractory to conventional treatment (ACTH, vigabatrin, and anti-epileptic drugs).
This is a randomized, controlled study to compare Short-term ketogenic diet with conventional long-term trial in refractory infantile spasms.
The purpose of this study is to collect detailed information about the characteristics and genetics of a large number of individuals with epilepsy.
To allow open-label extension to patients who have completed Protocol 1042-0500
The study consists of cohorts where participants are randomized, in a 2:1 ratio, to 1 of 2 sequences, A and B. In each cohort, Sequence A, comprised of participants, who will receive ascending doses of ganaxolone and ascending doses of placebo. Sequence B, comprised of participants, who will receive ascending doses of placebo and ascending doses of ganaxolone. The dosing level in each subsequent cohort will be based upon experience gained from previous cohorts.
This study is designed to use positron emission tomography to measure brain energy use. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a technique used to investigate the functional activity of the brain. The PET technique allows doctors to study the normal processes of the brain (central nervous system) of normal individuals and patients with neurologic illnesses without physical / structural damage to the brain. When a region of the brain is active, it uses more fuel in the form of oxygen and sugar (glucose). As the brain uses more fuel it produces more waste products, carbon dioxide and water. Blood carries fuel to the brain and waste products away from the brain. As brain activity increases blood flow to and from the area of activity increases also. Researchers can label a sugar with a small radioactive molecule called FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose). As areas of the brain use more sugar the PET scan will detect the FDG and show the areas of the brain that are active. By using this technique researchers hope to answer the following questions; 4. Are changes in brain energy use (metabolism) present early in the course of epilepsy 5. Do changes in brain metabolism match the severity of patient's seizures 6. Do changes in metabolism occur over time or in response to drug therapy