View clinical trials related to Infant, Newborn, Diseases.
Filter by:There is a high prevalence of FGID among infants : 30 % for regurgitations, 20 % for colitis , 15 % for functional constipation.This represents a frequent motive for pediatrics consultation : 23 to 28 % of medical consultations in this population are consequent to gastrointestinal symptoms among infants aged under 4 months old. This can lead to numerous inappropriate or unrecommended medication prescriptions. Currently, fecal calprotectin threshold are only validated by science societies for children aged 5 years old and more. This study aims to quantify the difference of fecal calprotectin between a population of infants for whom no FGID has been finally detected, and a population of infants for whom FGID have been detected during the gastro-pediatrics consultation, , in order to later determine wether it is possible to validate a threshold in a population of infants aged under 4 months old.
The objective of the SafeBoosC-IIIv trial is to evaluate cerebral oximetry added to usual care versus usual care in mechanically ventilated newborns. The hypothesis is that the intervention will decrease a composite outcome of death or moderate to severe neurodevelopmental disability and/or increase the mean PARCA-R non-verbal cognitive score at two years of corrected age.
The transition from fetus to newborn is a complex physiological process. Monitoring this process to detect potential disruptions is critical but remains a challenge. Initial evaluation of neonates is usually based on visual inspection, palpation and/or auscultation, and response to stimuli. To objectify the condition of the newborn during this vulnerable transitional period, Virginia Apgar developed a clinical assessment-based scoring system called the Apgar Score, which is widely used around the world. However, there is significant inter-observer and intra-observer variability in clinical assessments using the Apgar score. To objectively assess the condition of the newborn, the latest guidelines for postnatal adaptation and resuscitation recommend the use of electrocardiography (ECG) and pulse oximetry in the delivery room in addition to clinical evaluation. These monitoring methods allow non-invasive continuous monitoring of SpO2 (Oxygen saturation) as well as heart rate (HR), but do not provide information about potentially compromised cardiovascular status, resulting in severely restricted oxygen transport to tissues. Cerebral Oxygenation: The brain is one of the most vulnerable organs to hypoxia during the postnatal adaptation period. The recommended routine monitoring during the neonatal transition is SpO2 and heart rate. Unfortunately, these parameters do not provide any information about cerebral blood flow or oxygen supply or brain activity. About 30% of premature babies develop cerebral hemorrhage in the first 3 days after birth. This can lead to the development of hydrocephalus, poor neurological outcome and even death. For the above reasons, there is increasing interest in additional brain monitoring. Our research group has already shown in various studies that additional cerebral monitoring using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is possible in newborns immediately after birth and may be beneficial during this vulnerable phase of life. Furthermore, this add-on monitoring could inform interventions to optimize brain oxygenation, potentially affecting survival with improved short- and long-term neurological outcomes. Background: The transition from fetus to newborn is a complex physiological process. Monitoring this process to detect potential disruptions is critical but remains a challenge. Initial evaluation of neonates is usually based on visual inspection, palpation and/or auscultation, and response to stimuli. To objectify the condition of the newborn during this vulnerable transitional period, Virginia Apgar developed a clinical assessment-based scoring system called the Apgar Score, which is widely used around the world. However, there is significant inter-observer and intra-observer variability in clinical assessments using the Apgar score. To objectively assess the condition of the newborn, the latest guidelines for postnatal adaptation and resuscitation recommend the use of electrocardiography (ECG) and pulse oximetry in the delivery room in addition to clinical evaluation. These monitoring methods allow non-invasive continuous monitoring of SpO2 as well as HR, but do not provide information about potentially compromised cardiovascular status, resulting in severely restricted oxygen transport to tissues. Pulsatile mode of NIRS Recently, Hamamatsu developed new software and implemented it as a pulsatile mode in one of their near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) instruments, the NIRO 200 NX. In contrast to the conventional NIRS technique, which measures tissue saturation closer to venous oxygen saturation than arterial oxygen saturation, the pulsatile NIRS technique uses a higher measurement rate of 20 Hertz and can therefore measure cerebral pulse rate (cPR) and cerebral arterial oxygen saturation (SnO2) in small vessels. Using the non-invasive pulsatile NIRS technique could be a viable new method to continuously monitor blood flow to the brain during resuscitation. This can be particularly beneficial for critically ill newborns and premature babies. To date, no data have been published in neonates using the pulsatile NIRS technique.
About 10 per cent of all new born babies in Sweden have infant colic. This may affect the the whole family and the early connection between the baby and the parents. Although, there are no effective and safe treatment. Acupuncture is an environmental friendly method that affects pain, anxiety, sleep and the function of gastrointestinal system. Several studies have shown various results, and there are a need for high-qualitative randomised controlled trials to investigate the proposed effect further. 128 children will be randomised into two groups; acupuncture at LI4 or no acupuncture, parents will be blinded. Statistical calculations will be performed on the content of the diaries (bowel movement frequency, crying time, feeding). Registration of crying/crying in connection with acupuncture treatment, i.e. when the needle touches the skin or later until the needle is removed and 30 seconds after.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of an incubator cover on the vital signs of term and preterm neonates hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: 91 neonates presenting to a neonatal intensive care unit who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Vital signs of neonates were measured with and without incubator cover. Measurements were performed three times (0th, 15th, and 30th minute).
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal disorder of preterm neonates and a potential cause of blindness. As early diagnosis and treatment preserve vision, very low birth weight infants must be screened for ROP. Mydriatic eye drop administration is essential to perform funduscopic evaluations. The most commonly used mydriatic drops for pupil dilatation are 0.5-1.0% tropicamide and/or 0.5-1.0% phenylephrine or 0.2-1.0% cyclopentolate. Phenylephrine, an alpha-1 sympathomimetic agonist, is readily absorbed from conjunctival mucosa and has a potent systemic vasopressor effect. Tropicamide causes cycloplegia by inhibition of ciliary muscle contraction and has a short acting para-sympatholytic effect. Systemic absorption of mydriatic eye drops has been associated with cardiovascular, respiratory and gastrointestinal adverse effects. Systemic side effects include apnea, desaturation, increased heart rate and blood pressure, delayed gastric emptying, and feeding intolerance. The data about the effects of mydriatics on cerebral blood flow and tissue oxygenation are sparse. Cerebral blood flow autoregulation depends in part on the adrenergic and cholinergic control of cerebral vasculature, but whether mydriatics have an effect on cerebral haemodynamics is unknown. Near-infrared spectroscopy and Doppler ultrasonography (US) are non-invasive methods commonly used for neuromonitorization in NICUs. The regional blood flow changes measured using Doppler US have been reported to be associated with cerebral oxygenation and indicate a high correlation with NIRS in newborns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mydriatic eye drops on cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in preterm infants by NIRS and Doppler US.
Although the scales used so far provide information about the neuromotor progression of a single baby, it is thought that they are not sufficient to distinguish babies from each other, and it is thought that there is no assessment battery that will adapt to the knowledge in their conditions and the functional development of babies. Therefore, the aim of our study is to reveal the applicability and psychometric properties of the Neonatal Infant Motor Assessment Scale (NIMAS) test, which reveals the neurological and motor performance of infants hospitalized in the NICU, both as automatic responses and functional behavior.
The aim of our study is to examine the effects of the physiotherapy program applied in the NICU on motor performance, behavior, transition time to full enteral feeding, and feeding performance in preterm infants.
The neonatal period considered the time from birth up to the first 28 days of life & further classified into: - Very early birth (birth to < 24 hours). - Early birth (24 hours to < 7 days). - Late or last neonatal period (7 days to 28 days). It is characterized by the transition from extra uterine life and rapid growth and development. It is the common vulnerable time or period of human life as it accounts for more high mortalities and morbidities, however, most of them are preventable. The pattern of neonatal disease is a useful indicator of the availability, utilization and effectiveness of maternal and child health care services. It varies from place to place and from time to time even in the same locality. Information on admission and mortality patterns of hospitalized neonates should reflect the major causes of illnesses and standard of care provided to neonates in a particular locality. To improve neonatal services with better overall outcomes and less sever morbidities early identification of the risk factors is paramount so that appropriate interventions can be directed towards the most prevalent and treatable neonatal illnesses. To achieve this goal, it is important to study the pattern of neonatal admissions
Study outcomes and endpoints: - Primary outcome: to assess clinical characteristics of infants with confirmed COVID-19 infection at birth and to evaluate long-term respiratory consequences of neonatal COVID-19 infection. - Secondary outcome: to evaluate the prevalence and natural history of lung function impairment among infants with confirmed COVID-19 compared to infants with no history of COVID-19. To this end, infants will undergo pulmonary function testing (PFT) with the Exhalyzer D device (Eco Medics, Switzerland).