Heroin Addiction — Methadone Maintenance for Prisoners
Citation(s)
Gordon MS, Kinlock TW, Schwartz RP, O'Grady KE A randomized clinical trial of methadone maintenance for prisoners: findings at 6 months post-release. Addiction. 2008 Aug;103(8):1333-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.002238.x.
Kinlock TW, Gordon MS, Schwartz RP, Fitzgerald TT, O'Grady KE A randomized clinical trial of methadone maintenance for prisoners: results at 12 months postrelease. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2009 Oct;37(3):277-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2009.03.002. Epub 2009 Mar
Kinlock TW, Gordon MS, Schwartz RP, O'Grady KE Individual Patient and Program Factors Related to Prison and Community Treatment Completion in Prison-Initiated Methadone Maintenance Treatment. J Offender Rehabil. 2013 Oct;52(8):509-528.
Kinlock TW, Schwartz RP, Gordon MS The significance of interagency collaboration in developing opioid agonist programs for inmates. Corrections Compendium 30(3)6-9,28-30,2005.
Wilson ME, Kinlock TW, Gordon MS, O'Grady KE, Schwartz RP Postprison release HIV-risk behaviors in a randomized trial of methadone treatment for prisoners. Am J Addict. 2012 Sep-Oct;21(5):476-87. doi: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00250.x.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
