View clinical trials related to Hepatitis B, Chronic.
Filter by:Prevention of perinatal transmission is essential to decrease the global burden of chronic HBV. Recombinant HBV vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) given after delivery to the newborns of HBsAg positive mothers is the standard of care for prevention of HBV in babies. Some studies have however, shown that vaccine alone may be equally effective. Hence, immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B vaccine with or without HBIG is effective in prevention of transmission of overt HBV infection to the babies. The primary outcome measure of most of the trials on immunoprophylaxis was the occurrence of hepatitis B, defined as a blood specimen positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). However, whether this immunoprophylaxis also prevents HBsAg negative HBV infection (occult HBV infection) in babies is not known. In the present study the investigators evaluated the efficacy of the two regimens; vaccination alone and compared it with vaccination plus HBIG administration at birth in preventing transmission of both overt and occult HBV infection to the newborn babies.
Background and rationale Chronic hepatitis B is the most common cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide.(1) Antiviral therapy with oral nucleoside analogs and interferon can reduce viral load and hepatic necroinflammation, and may reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic complications. (2-4) Peginterferon has both direct antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. The advantages of this drug include a finite course of treatment and the lack of drug resistance. However, it requires subcutaneous injections and carries some side effects. Besides, only 30% to 40% of treated patients have sustained response to treatment.(5-8) To reduce the costs and side effects of treatment, it is important to predict if a patient will respond to peginterferon. Genetic host studies on peginterferon response will provide a lot of knowledge on the interaction between the host and the virus to induce immune control, also outside the setting of immune modifying therapy. Recently, genome wide association studies (GWAS) identified genetic polymorphisms of the IL28B gene that were shown to be associated with treatment response to interferon and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C.(9-12) The same polymorphisms are also associated with natural clearance of hepatitis C virus. Whether the same phenomenon applies to patients with chronic hepatitis B is unclear. Furthermore, response to conventional interferon has shown to decrease the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and to prolong survival.(13) Virological and serological response to PEG-IFN is durable in a substantial proportion of patients through 3 years of follow-up (14), but whether treatment benefits are sustained after that period and amount to clinically meaningful results is unknown. To date, a GWAS to predict the response to peginterferon in chronic hepatitis B patients has not been performed. Polymorphisms in genes such as IL28B can be identified through a GWAS and can be used to assess the chance of response to treatment and select patients who have a high probability of response to peginterferon. We aim to perform a GWAS in chronic hepatitis B patients previously treated with peginterferon to identify polymorphisms in genes that are associated with response to this treatment regimen.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety following the Roadmap Concept strategy with an initial monotherapy using either telbivudine or tenofovir in HBeAg negative CHB patients. The data from the study should allow for the validation of the Roadmap concept in a prospective manner, for both telbivudine and tenofovir treated HBeAg negative CHB patients. As part of a post-approval commitment to the European Health Authorities, the data will also be used to provide an optimized clinical treatment strategy for better clinical use of telbivudine in European HBeAg negative patients. Furthermore, the data from the study will contribute to a better scientific understanding, disease management and treatment of HBeAg negative CHB patients.
The purpose of this study is to confirm efficacy and safety when administering lamivudine tablet alone in subjects with hepatitis B virus-induced liver cirrhosis.
This study intends to investigate whether addition of PEG-IFN alfa-2a in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients who are pretreated with nucleos(t)ide analogues enhances the degree of HBsAg decline.
This clinical trial compares the efficacy of peginterferon plus tenofovir for 24 weeks followed by monotherapy with tenofovir for a further 3.5 years to the efficacy of tenofovir alone given for 4 years in patients with chronic hepatitis B. The primary measure of outcome will be HBsAg loss in serum at 48 weeks after stopping all antiviral therapy (sustained off-treatment response).
The purpose of this observational study is to measure the real-life persistence, adherence and clinical effectiveness of entecavir in patients with chronic Hepatitis B viral infection.
This is a phase I study being conducted to support the clinical development program of a FDC product of the nucleoside analogue lamivudine and the nucleotide analogue adefovir dipivoxil. To establish bioequivalence, the exposure of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil when administered as the FDC will be compared to that of Heptodin (lamivudine) and Hepsera (adefovir dipivoxil) when administered separately. In this study, the FDC product will contain 100mg lamivudine/10mg adefovir dipivoxil. Total 40 healthy adult subjects will be enrolled. The study will include a screening visit and two treatment sessions. The screening visit will be conducted up to 3 weeks prior to the first dose of Session 1. All subjects will receive Regimen A through B according to the randomization schedule. Eligible subjects will be enrolled in the study and randomized to receive the following treatment regimens in table below in one of the following treatment sequences: AB, or BA. There will be a seven to ten days washout period between each treatment session. Pharmacokinetic sampling for measurement of plasma lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil concentrations will be conducted over a 48-hour period following the morning administration of study medication in each study session. During this time, all subjects will remain in the unit for pharmacokinetic (PK) sample collection. The total duration (from screening to the end of the study) of each subject's participation will be approximately four weeks.
Telbivudine reduces DNA and normalizes alanine aminotransferase levels (ALT) in chronic hepatitis B patients with few adverse effects, but its use during pregnancy has not been explored. In this open-label, prospective study from the second trimester to post-partum week 28. This trial is to study the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Telbivudine in HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Pregnant Women with high level of serum HBV DNA and elevated alanine aminotransferase levels.
The purpose of this study is to follow patients treated in entecavir Phase III and rollover studies for safety experience and Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related complications.