Healthy Volunteers Clinical Trial
Official title:
Stimulant Effects on Brain Activity During the Stop Signal Task
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Methylphenidate on neural activity underlying inhibitory control and error monitoring in healthy adults. More specifically, the investigators aim to establish the baseline modulatory effect of Mehtlylphenidate on bottom-up and top-down aspects of these cognitive processes. This work will further our understanding of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Methylphenidate, and executive functioning.
Methylphenidate (MPH) is the stimulant medication most commonly used in the treatment of
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). MPH suppresses the reuptake of dopamine by
blocking dopamine transporter, which is elevated in ADHD. However, the precise mechanism by
which suppressed dopamine transporter activity relieves ADHD symptoms is not fully
understood, partly because dopamine pathways are implicated in various processes that could
play a role in the deficits of ADHD and other disorders. MPH-induced dopamine variation has
extensive effects in the brain and influences various executive functions in unknown ways.
Hypotheses:
Inhibitory Control: The investigators predict that MPH should increase the top-down activity
in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex associated with response restraint during go-phases
and bottom-up activity in caudate and right inferior frontal cortex associated with response
cancellation during successful stop trials. A greater modulation of top-down or bottom-up
activity would imply a selective effect of MPH on one pathway over the other.
Error Processing: The investigators predict that MPH should increase the intensity of
deactivation in the bottom-up dopamine pathway on error detection (substantia nigra, dorsal
striatum and ACC), and increase the intensity of deactivation in the top-down pathway on
post-error slowing (caudal OFC, ventral striatum, ventral substantia nigra). A greater
modulation of top-down or bottom-up activity would imply a selective effect of MPH on one
pathway over the other.
;
Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Pharmacodynamics Study, Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Investigator), Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
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