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Filter by:This is an adaptive Phase I study to evaluate RO5024048 in the following groups: - Healthy Volunteers (Part 1 - Single Ascending Dose Study) -Enrollment completed - Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infected patients who have failed interferon therapy (Part 2- Multiple Ascending Dose Study)-Enrollment Completed - HCV genotype 1-infected patients who are treatment naive, to be dosed in combination with PEG-IFN and RBV (Part 3 - Combination Dose Study)-Currently Enrolling - HCV genotype 2-3 infected patients who have previously been treated with interferon but who did not respond, to be dosed in combination with PEG-IFN and RBV (Part 3 - Combination Dose Study)- Currently enrolling The study aims to determine if RO5024048 is safe and well-tolerated in healthy people and in people infected with hepatitis C virus. The amount of RO5024048 in the blood will be measured during the study and the amount of hepatitis C virus in the blood after each dose will also be measured. During Part 3 of the study, RO5024048 will be given with PEG-IFN and RBV, two drugs currently used and approved for the treatment of HCV.
Single-dose studies of a fluoroquinolone are indicative of their antimicrobial activity since little accumulation occurs with multiple doses. Single-dose studies have been utilized to determine drug concentrations and time kill activity in serum, urine, and respiratory tissues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Urine Bactericidal Activity (UBA) of levofloxacin (250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg) against FQ-resistant, ESBL positive E. coli isolates. In addition, a susceptibility breakpoint concentration in the urine can also be established for each dose of levofloxacin. Furthermore, urine concentrations and serum pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin can be determined.
Biosynthesis of proteins is essential for growth and continued maintenance of the entire neuron including axons, dendrites, and synaptic terminals, and it is clearly one of the important biochemical processes underlying adaptive changes in the nervous system. Studies in experimental animals with the quantitative autoradiographic L [1 (14)C]leucine method have demonstrated a number of the physiological and pathological conditions in which changes in regional rates of cerebral protein synthesis (rCPS) occur. We have recently developed the first fully quantitative method for determining rCPS with positron emission tomography (PET). The PET method was adapted from the autoradiographic L [1 (14)C]leucine method; it uses L [1 (11)C]leucine as the PET tracer, dynamic scanning, and a kinetic modeling approach for quantification. This method was validated in nonhuman primates by comparison of PET measurements with those based on established biochemical and autoradiographic techniques. The objective of the present study is to examine the degree to which changes in rCPS in human subjects can be quantified with the L [1 (11)C]leucine PET method. We propose three studies to be carried out sequentially. In Part I we will establish the L-[1-(11)C]leucine PET method in human subjects. In Part II we will measure rCPS in normal control subjects in two states: awake and under deep sedation/general anesthesia with propofol. A difference in rCPS between these two states may indicate that we can detect activity-dependent protein synthesis with the PET method. In Part III we will study subjects with fragile X syndrome. This patient group was chosen since the affected gene in fragile X syndrome codes for a protein that is thought to be a negative regulator of message translation. Thus an effect on protein synthesis may be very close to the underlying genetic abnormality in fragile X syndrome. Regionally selective increases in rCPS have been found in studies in a mouse model of this disease. The present study will establish the sensitivity of the L [1 (11)C]leucine PET method to detect changes in rCPS in human subjects. A quantitative and sensitive method to measure rCPS with PET will augment the tools available for investigating the brain and its regional adaptive responses. Ultimately the method may have widespread applications, not only for the study of normal development and plasticity but also in clinical medicine, e.g., in the investigation of disorders of brain development, recovery from brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. SPECIFIC AIMS 1. <TAB>Establish the L-[1-(11)C]leucine PET method for measurement of rCPS in human subjects. Evaluate the optimal scan time and the variability of the measurement in an individual. 2. <TAB>Determine the effect of deep sedation with propofol on rCPS in normal human subjects. We will use the [1-(11)C]leucine PET method to evaluate lambda, i.e., the fraction of the precursor pool for protein synthesis that is derived from arterial plasma, and rCPS in the same subjects under awake and deep sedation conditions. I)<TAB>Hypothesis 1a. Deep sedation with propofol has effects on rCPS. II)<TAB>Hypothesis 1b. Deep sedation with propofol has effects on values of lambda. 3. <TAB>Assess the sensitivity of the [1-(11)C]leucine PET method to detect differences in rCPS in subjects with fragile X syndrome. I)<TAB>Hypothesis 3a. There are regionally selective changes in rCPS in subjects with fragile X syndrome compared with age-matched healthy controls. Regions affected include hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, and frontal and parietal cortex. II)<TAB>Hypothesis 3b. In centrum semiovale, cerebellum, striatum and occipital and temporal cortex rCPS are unchanged in subjects with fragile X syndrome compared with age-matched healthy controls. III)<TAB>Hypothesis 3c. Values of lambda in the brain as a whole and in the regions examined are unchanged in subjects with fragile X syndrome compared with age-matched healthy controls. IV) Hypothesis 3d. The average rate of protein synthesis in the brain as a whole is unchanged in subjects with fragile X syndrome compared with age-matched healthy controls.
The purpose of this study is to determine if Paliferim interacts with Heparin.
The aim of this study is to assess the local anaesthetic effects of amitriptyline applied on the skin of human volunteers, considering the differential effects on mechanic and thermic sensitivity, the local and general tolerance, and the systemic absorption of the drug. The solution used for dilution of amitriptyline is the only one known to allow transcutaneous absorption of the drug [1]. Considering that the peripheral sensitive fibre is a possible site of action of tricyclic antidepressants for relieving neuropathic pain [2,3], this is a first step study before further assessment of the therapeutic effects of transcutaneous amitriptyline.
Resistance to antibiotics is a major public-health problem and studies linking antibiotic use and resistance have shown an association not a causal effect. Utilizing the newer macrolides, azithromycin and clarithromycin that are commonly prescribed for respiratory infections, we investigated the direct impact of antibiotic exposure on resistance at the individual level.
This study will examine the phototoxicity, a reaction to light that is like exaggerated sunburn, which occurs in people who take medications such as voriconazole, a medication used to fight fungus. Sunscreens might protect the skin from the reaction. Although phototoxicity from voriconazole is not completely understood, it may be related to how that medication is metabolized in the liver by enzymes called cytochrome P450 enzymes-and mainly by one known as 2C19. A way to evaluate phototoxicity is through microarrays, which measure how much each gene is expressed in cells from tissues such as skin. Patients ages 8 and older who are scheduled to begin taking or who currently take voriconazole may be eligible for this study. Also, patients ages 18 to 45 in good health who have skin tone known as Type 2, which usually burns and tans only slightly following sun exposure, may be eligible. All patients will visit the Dermatology Clinic. They will complete two questionnaires, on medical history and medications, as well as the skin response to sunlight, and donate about 3 teaspoons of blood. Patients who are scheduled to take voriconazole will visit the clinic four times, that is, two visits 2 consecutive days before beginning the medication and two visits on 2 consecutive days after taking it for at least 7 days. Each visit will take 1 to 2 hours. Patients about to take voriconazole will have a blood test and undergo a physical exam of the skin test site, on the buttocks. Researchers will take photographs of the specific site and do tests to measure skin reaction to ultraviolet (UV) light. UV light will be shined on 15 small areas of the skin, each 1 x 1 centimeters. After 24 hours, any redness that occurs on the skin will be checked. Afterward, patients will begin taking voriconazole according to directions by the researchers. At 10 or more days later, patients will visit the clinic. Sunscreen will be applied and 1 hour later after administration of voriconazole, a blood sample will be drawn to check the level of medication. Then UV light will be shined on 23 areas of skin 1 x 1 centimeters. More photographs will be taken of test sites to record changes in skin redness. On the next day, the skin response will be evaluated. Participants in the control group will be asked to avoid UV radiation by wearing hats and clothing, and using sunscreen. They will be given the doxycycline, an antibiotic, and undergo procedures with UV light shined on small areas of the skin, on the buttocks. Control participants will have 7 study days, with visits lasting from 1 to 3 hours and probably not exceeding 8 hours. They will have two shave biopsies on Study Day 2 and on Study Day 7 to determine how the skin has responded to UV light exposures. ...
This study is designed to investigate the potential differences in GI safety and tolerability in the small bowel between lumiracoxib, conventional non-selective NSAID (naproxen) with a proton pump inhibitor (omeprazole), or placebo.
Influenza (flu) viruses change continuously, therefore also the parts of viruses used in influenza vaccines can vary from year to year. In Europe, manufacturers/marketing holders of these vaccines are required to be involved in ongoing clinical trials and to present the results to the competent authorities each year. The current study is a phase IIIa clinical trial with a commercially available vaccine (Influvac®) supplied in pre filled syringes. It is part of the ongoing clinical trial program for Influvac® and will be done to assess the immunogenicity and safety and tolerability of next season's trivalent influenza subunit vaccine in two groups of healthy subjects: subjects aged >= 18 and <= 60 years and subjects >= 61 years of age (elderly).
This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of the experimental malaria vaccine AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel® (Registered Trademark) and determine whether a new, additional component of the vaccine may increase its effectiveness. Malaria is a debilitating and potentially fatal blood disease transmitted by a parasite found in certain mosquitoes. The AMA1-C1 vaccine has been designed to create an immune response against the parasite and prevent the disease. The purpose of the study is to determine whether the additional component-protein pieces known as CpG- improves the immune response to the vaccine without causing problematic side effects. Volunteers must be healthy adults between 18 and 45 years old. Individuals who have had malaria in the past or have recently traveled to areas where malaria is endemic will be excluded from the study. Candidates will be screened with a physical examination, blood tests, and medical history. Participants will be involved in a three-stage study. In the first stage, a group of participants will receive either a high dose of the vaccine alone or a low dose combined with the CpG protein. In the second stage, a different group of participants will receive a high dose of the vaccine alone or a high dose combined with CpG. In the third stage, a larger group of participants will receive a high dose of the vaccine alone or a high dose combined with CpG. The vaccine will be injected into the muscle of the upper arm, and all participants will receive three doses of the vaccine with 28 days between doses to monitor possible reactions and side effects. Participants will be monitored for 30 minutes after each injection and will record any symptoms they experience over the six days after receiving their dose. In addition, participants will be examined over the course of six months during and after the trial with physical exams and blood and urine tests.