HCC — Study of Long Non-coding RNA SNHG15 as a Novel Biomarker in HBV Associated HCC
Citation(s)
Befeler AS, Di Bisceglie AM Hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis and treatment. Gastroenterology. 2002 May;122(6):1609-19. doi: 10.1053/gast.2002.33411.
Johnson PJ The role of serum alpha-fetoprotein estimation in the diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Liver Dis. 2001 Feb;5(1):145-59. doi: 10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70158-6.
Polaris Observatory Collaborators Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Jun;3(6):383-403. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(18)30056-6. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
Sartorius K, Sartorius B, Aldous C, Govender PS, Madiba TE Global and country underestimation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 2012 and its implications. Cancer Epidemiol. 2015 Jun;39(3):284-90. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.04.006. Epub 2015 Apr 25.
Villanueva A Hepatocellular Carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019 Apr 11;380(15):1450-1462. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1713263. No abstract available.
The First Affliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
