View clinical trials related to Gastroenteritis.
Filter by:This study aims at assessing the impact of RV vaccination in hospitals in Nagoya City (administrative district), Japan, where RV vaccines have been introduced since November 2011 and financial support for vaccination costs by Nagoya city, Japan have been implemented from October 2012.
This study aims to estimate the real situation of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RV GE) in the primary care settings of both Bulgaria and Latvia in children less than 5 years of age.
Background: The incidence of gastrointestinal infections is very high. In Western countries at least 30% of the population suffers from at least one food-borne infection per year. Mostly because of the problem of antibiotic resistance, more emphasis is put on prevention of infections. One of the possibilities is to strengthen human resistance to gut infections by consumption of probiotics. A specific blend of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell-52, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Rosell-11, Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175) and a probiotic yeast (Saccharomyces boulardii), improved stool consistency and shortened the duration of diarrhea in a rat model of E.coli-induced diarrhea. These probiotics showed synergistic effects compared with administration of solely S. boulardii or a mixture of L. helveticus Rosell-52, L. rhamnosus Rosell-11, B. longum Rosell-175. Consumption of S. boulardii and a combination of L. helveticus Rosell-52, L. rhamnosus Rosell-11 reduced diarrhea in humans. Aim: To study whether probiotics improves the resistance of humans to enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Study design: The PROTETEC study is a parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled 4-weeks intervention with probiotics in healthy volunteers. In this study, the effect of probiotic intervention vs placebo on several infection markers in response to an ETEC challenge is investigated. Participants will be randomly assigned to the probiotic or placebo group (n=30 per group). Subjects will be instructed to maintain their usual pattern of physical activity and their habitual food intake, but to standardize their dietary calcium intake. After an adaptation period of 2 weeks, subjects will be orally infected with a live, but attenuated, ETEC vaccine (strain E1392-75-2A; collection NIZO food research; dose 10E10 CFU). Before and after infection, a diary will be kept to record all food and drinks consumption (2x2 days) to assess the habitual dietary intake, as well as for daily recording of bowel habits and frequency and severity of gastrointestinal complaints. The following biological samples will be collected: 4x10 ml venous blood, a single fecal bolus (for screening) and 7x24 hrs feces. Blood is sampled for immune response analyses and the fecal samples are collected to quantify several infection- and immune system markers, to determine probiotic excretion, and to verify dietary calcium intake. Study population: Healthy males of 20-55 yrs of age. Interventions: Probiotics (capsules containing freeze-dried powder, probiotic dose per capsule 5x10E9 CFU; twice daily) or placebo (capsules with carrier material powder of identical appearance) Primary outcomes: Fecal ETEC excretion and severity of diarrhea (quantified by fecal output per day). Secondary outcomes: Serum immune response to ETEC, self-reported stool consistency scores and gastrointestinal complaints, relative fecal wet weight. Tertiary outcomes: sIgA and calprotectin in feces, probiotic persistence and levels of opportunistic pathogens in the endogenous microbiota.
The present study has several aims: 1. Establish whether Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Strain GG is able to prevent the onset of IBS in a high risk group of children enrolled after an acute gastroenteritis (the study has been powered to this aim). 2. Establish whether Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Strain GG is able to stabilize the intestinal microbiota after an acute gastroenteritis. 3. Define the intestinal microbiota of children following an acute gastroenteritis and identify, if possible, a modification of the microbiota that can predict the emergence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Treatment diarrhea with Lactobacillus GG or smectite has proven efficacy. A randomized, double blind, placebo-control trial was performed to assess the effectiveness of both LGG and smectite in management of children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE).
- Rotavirus Hospital Admissions Surveillance - Retrospective surveillance for 2010 and 2011 for hospital admissions in children aged 0 to 16 years due to rotavirus gastroenteritis will be completed by all centers of the IMPACT (Immunization Monitoring Program, ACTive) pediatric hospital network. - Prospective surveillance of rotavirus-related admissions for children aged 0 to 16 years was conducted in 2012-20 inclusive and will be performed for an additional 2 years until the end of 2022 at all 12 sites. Surveillance methodology will continue using the same case-finding strategy and the same case report form as in past surveillance (Case reporting is done electronically. - Emergency Department Burden of Disease Case finding for all-cause diarrheal illness using ICD codes was undertaken prospectively for 2012 to 2014 and will not continue in the years 2015-17 inclusive. Systematic stool sampling was carried out for cases of gastroenteritis in children < 5 years of age presenting to the ED departments at the IMPACT hospitals in 2012 and 2013 and 5 of the 12 center hospitals in 2014. This component will not continue in to the 2015-17 protocol study years. However the admitted cases presenting to the IMPACT center hospitals with positive rotavirus will be reported and stool samples saved for genotyping at a later date.
A study to compare safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a new formulation of RotaTeq™ with the existing formulation in infants. The primary hypothesis of the study is that the new formulation will be noninferior to the existing formulation on the basis of immunogenicity.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of racecadotril in acute watery diarrhea in children. The investigators will evaluate the effect of product versus placebo.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether giving the Human Rotavirus Vaccine on alternate dosing schedules will enhance the immune response to the vaccine in a low-resource, high-burden country in Africa. Alternate dosing schedules studied include giving the 2-dose vaccine schedule at a slightly older age and giving an additional dose of the vaccine.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of zinc in acute watery diarrhea in children. The investigators will evaluate the effect of product versus placebo.