Frail Elderly Clinical Trial
Official title:
The Effectiveness of an Exercise Program Using Video Games Associated With Conventional Physiotherapy in Physical Functioning in Frail Elderly Compared to Conventional Physiotherapy: Randomized Clinical Trial
Frailty is a highly prevalent condition, reaching approximately 7% to 30% of older adults
aged from 65 up to 80 years [2]. Although exercises seemed to be beneficial for the frail
elders, there is still insufficient evidence to indicate the appropriate modality, frequency
and intensity of physical exercises that were able to improve physical functioning in this
population [9]. The virtual reality (VR) using interactive games (exergames) have generated
broad scientific and clinical interest in recent years[10]. Studies indicate that older
adults can benefit from training with exergames in improving mobility [12, 13], lower limb
strength [14], cognition, particularly executive function [13], body balance [10, 15-18],
reaction time [12] and may contribute indirectly to prevent falls [10, 19, 20]. But, there is
still insufficient evidence to suggest that the use of exergames are superior even to other
types of intervention [21-23] or in combination with conventional physiotherapy [24] The
purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of adding exercises using
interactive videogames (exergames) in improving physical functioning on frail and pre frail
older people when compared to conventional physiotherapy. A parallel randomized clinical with
a 6 month follow-up period will be conducted with 82 frail community dwelling older adults.
Participants randomized to the Experimental Group will be submitted to 30 minutes of
conventional physiotherapy and 20 minutes of therapy using interactive games Xbox 360 Video
Game and Entertainment Microsoft System with Kinect sensor.
The Control Group will receive 50 minutes of conventional physiotherapy. Both groups will
receive 50 minutes of intervention twice a week for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes will be
assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery, the Usual walking speed test and Four
Step Square Test in the baseline, 3 and 6 months after that.
Status | Recruiting |
Enrollment | 82 |
Est. completion date | December 2018 |
Est. primary completion date | October 2018 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | No |
Gender | All |
Age group | 60 Years and older |
Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria: Community dwelling older adults without severe cognitive impairment (defined as a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score adjusted according to the educational level with reference cutoff scores of: 13 points for those who are illiterate, ; 18 points for those with elementary and middle levels, and 26 points for those who have a high level 26), without any physiotherapy intervention for at least three months and classified as frail or pre-frail, according to the phenotype of frailty using Fried et al. criteria: 1. Unintentional weight loss of = 5% or = 4.5kg body weight in the previous year. 2. Exhaustion assessed by self-reported fatigue, indicated by two questions of the Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression: (a) I felt that everything I did was an effort; (b) I could not get going. . Subjects answering "2" or "3" to either of these questions are categorized as frail by the exhaustion criterion. 3. Decreased grip strength (kg/force) in the dominant hand adjusted according to sex and body mass index (BMI). The cutoff for grip strength (Kg) criterion for men 2will be: BMI = 24 grip strength = 29; BMI 24,1 - 28 grip strength = 30; BMI > 28 grip strength = 32. The cutoff for grip strength (Kg) criterion for women will be 2: BMI = 23 - grip strength = 17; BMI 23,1 - 26 grip strength = 17,3; BMI 26,1 - 29 grip strength = 18; BMI > 29 grip strength = 21. 4. Low level of physical activity. Participants will meet the criterion for physical inactivity if, in the last two weeks they did not perform a planned physical activity at least twice a week lasting more than 30 minutes or, if they did not perform planned or unplanned walks lasting for more than 15 minutes at least twice a week or, if they had performed any moderate or vigorous housework activity (> 2,5 METS) such as: wash or mop the floor, vacuuming, washing windows or wash the car frequently at least 1x a week for 30 minutes. 5. Slow walking speed. The time to walk a 4.6 meters path, with two meters for acceleration and two for deceleration, will be measured The velocity for each participant will be recorded. Those with a gait speed equal or less than 0.8 m/s will be considered frail. Exclusion Criteria: Severe visual impairment that prevents interaction with video games, if they had a localized loss of muscle strength and/or changes in postural tone that impede the execution of safe displacement movements in the standing position, without the aid of another person and, if they present chronic or acute diseases that contra-indicate therapeutic exercises. |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
Brazil | Universidade Cidade de São Paulo | São Paulo |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Universidade Cidade de Sao Paulo |
Brazil,
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* Note: There are 51 references in all — Click here to view all references
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Change in the Short Physical Performance Battery | Three batteries of tests covering dimensions: balance, usual walking speed and sit-to-stand test, with scores ranging from zero (worst performance) to 12 points (best performance). | baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months | |
Primary | Change in the Usual walking speed test | The test will be conducted on a flat surface with 8.6 meters free marked by black tape at intervals of two meters, 4,6 meters and two meters and the participant will be instructed to walk at their usual pace using their usual footwear. | baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months | |
Primary | Change in the Four Step Square Test | Assessment of participants balance and their ability to carry out changes in the direction of the step forward, backward, and sideways, surpassing a low obstacle. | baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months | |
Secondary | Change in the The timed 5-step test | Assessment of participants dynamic balance. During the test the participant will step forward and up and backward and down from a 10.1 cm step five times as fast as possible | baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months | |
Secondary | Change in the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I Brasil) | The scale consists of 16 items that describe the activities of daily life and the participants should answer the level of concern of falling during these activities. | baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months | |
Secondary | Change in the Dual task walking speed | To assess the attentional demand during walking, we will use the test of usual walking speed in a 4.6 meters path with dual task. The participant will be asked to tell the evaluator an important fact of their past (the happiest day of his life, for example) along the way while walking. | baseline, immediately after the intervention (12 weeks) and at 6 months |
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