Prevalence & Risk Factors of Black Tooth Stains

Status Not yet recruiting

Clinical Trial Summary

To assess the prevalence of black tooth stains and their relation with caries experience in the primary dentition of 3-5-year-old children.

Clinical Trial Description

Tooth discoloration is frequently seen by dental practitioners and is considered an aesthetic problem. There are two types of teeth discoloration; intrinsic discoloration which is related to intrinsic factors such as congenital and inherited conditions and extrinsic discoloration which occurs due to the formation of pigments on the enamel surface (Prskalo et al., 2017). Black stain is a specific type of external tooth discoloration. It is clinically diagnosed as dark dots on the gingival third of the tooth that may coalesce and form a complete dark line following gingival contour or can also impregnate pits, fissures, and grooves (França-Pinto et al., 2012). Black stains are a common finding in children and are seen equally in both genders (Zyła et al., 2015). When children's smiles do not fit the esthetic criteria, it can have negative social and psychological consequences causing embarrassing situations for the child, including school bullying. Their guardians may also be affected as people could judge it as bad oral health and question the care given to these children .(Fernando Pessoa, n.d.) The etiology of black stains is multifactorial . Chromogenic anaerobic bacteria have been considered one of the etiological factors by their production of hydrogen sulfide that interacts with iron present in saliva and forms insoluble ferric sulfate which is the main component of these pigments (Elelmi et al., 2021). Rational: Although black stains have been considered a protective factor against caries, they are considered a common aesthetic problem. According to the systematic review of Asokan et al., 2020, there is conflicting data on the relation between tooth stains and dental caries as some studies showed a positive association between black stains and caries and other studies showed a negative association between them, and therefore, further studies are needed to completely understand the nature, risk factors of black stains and their relation with caries experience. ;

Study Design

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

Dental Plaque

Clinical Trial Details

NCT number	NCT05304247
Study type	Observational
Source	Cairo University
Contact	menna H ali
Phone	01225030867
Email	mennatallah.hesham@dentistry.cu.edu.eg
Status	Not yet recruiting
Phase
Start date	January 1, 2023
Completion date	May 31, 2023

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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.

Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Black Tooth Stains

Clinical Trial Summary

Clinical Trial Description

Study Design

Related Conditions & MeSH terms