Enhanced Protein-Energy Provision Via the Enteral Route in Critically Ill Patients

Critically Ill Clinical Trial

— PEP-uP  

Official title:

Enhanced Protein-Energy Provision Via the Enteral Route in Critically Ill Patients: A Single Center Feasibility Trial of The PEP uP Protocol

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01102348
• Other study ID #: PEP-uP Pilot
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: June 2008
• Est. completion date: July 2009

Study information

• Verified date: December 2020
• Source: Clinical Evaluation Research Unit at Kingston General Hospital
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a new feeding protocol, "The Enhanced Protein-Energy Provision via the Enteral Route in Critically Ill Patients: The PEP uP protocol."

Description:

There is a well known and well described relationship between malnutrition, immune dysfunction, and infection. Critically ill patients are often hypermetabolic and can rapidly become nutritionally compromised. Repeated efforts over the past few years have not significantly improved the amount of calories delivered via the enteral route. Historically, feeding protocols have been used to guide the delivery of enteral nutrition (EN) but they frequently utilize conservative, reactionary approaches to optimizing nutrition.

We propose a new approach that protocolizes an aggressive approach to providing EN and shifts the paradigm from reactionary to proactive followed by de-escalation if nutrition therapy is not needed. The key components of this new protocol are the following: 1) Starting feeds at the target rate based on increasing evidence that some patients tolerate starting nutrition at higher rate of delivery and that slow start ups are not necessary. For patients who are hemodynamically stable, we propose to shift from an hourly rate target goal to a 24 hour volume goal and give nurses guidance on how to make up this volume if there was an interruption for non-gastrointestinal reasons. This 'volume-based' goal represents a significant shift in practice from traditional hourly rate goals in which nurses can increase the hourly rate depending on how many hours they have left in the day to ensure that the patient receives the 24 hour volume within the day. 2) For patients who are deemed unsuitable for high volume intragastric feeds, we provide an option to initiate 'trophic feeds' at a low volume of a concentrated feeding solution. By 'trophic', we mean a minimal volume of EN designed to maintain gastrointestinal structure and function, not designed to meet the patients caloric or protein needs. When deemed suitable, trophic feeds can be advanced to full feeds. 3) Rather than wait for a protein debt to accumulate because of inadequate delivery of EN, protein supplements are prescribed at initiation of EN and can be discontinued if EN is well tolerated. 4) We propose to start motility agents at the same time EN is started with a re-evaluation in the days following to see if it is necessary and we raised our gastric residual volume threshold from 200 to 250 ml. It has been shown in one randomized trial that a feeding protocol that starts a motility agent empirically at the time of initiation of feeds and uses a higher threshold for a critical gastric residual volume (250 ml) improves nutritional adequacy.

Since the bedside nurses initiate and utilize feeding protocols to achieve target goals, we will couple this newer generational feeding protocol with a comprehensive nurse-directed nutritional educational intervention that will focus on its safe and effective implementation. This focus on nursing nutrition education represents a major shift away from traditional education which has focused on dietitians and physicians.

We hypothesize that the combination of these components will safely improve the provision of energy and protein compared to usual care. We postulate that this increased provision of calories and protein may translate into improved clinical outcomes, particularly for the patients at the extremes of weight, but the current study is not powered to demonstrate such a difference. The purpose of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of this new feeding protocol, "The Enhanced Protein-Energy Provision via the Enteral Route in Critically Ill Patients: The PEP uP protocol."

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 50
• Est. completion date: July 2009
• Est. primary completion date: May 2009
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Mechanically ventilated within 48 hours of admission to the intensive care unit

Exclusion Criteria:

• Less than 72 hours in intensive care unit before discharge

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Critical Illness
• Critically Ill

Intervention

Other:
• PEP-uP Protocol
Protocol documents (i.e. pre-printed order, algorithm for advancing feed, and algorithm for calculating rate of administering feed as per 24hour volume) and a slide presentation coupled with educational reminders (posters and bedside notices) and practice helps (tool to remind nurse to measure and report nutritional adequacy) were made available to all nurses, in bedside manuals and on the local intranet

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Canada	Kingston General Hospital	Kingston	Ontario

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Daren K. Heyland	Nestlé, Queen's University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Canada, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Feasibility of the feeding protocol	The primary outcome of this pilot study was the feasibility of the new feeding protocol as judged by a nursing questionnaire that evaluates their opinion of its safety and acceptability.	10-12 months
Secondary	Adequacy of EN	Calculated as proportion of EN received versus EN prescribed	10-12 months
Secondary	Episodes of vomiting	Safety endpoints	10-12 months
Secondary	Timeliness of initiation of EN	Actual timing of EN start	10-12 months
Secondary	Episodes of aspiration	Safety end points	10-12 months
Secondary	Episodes of aspiration & pneumonia	Safety end points	10-12 months