Incline Positioning in COVID-19 Patients for Improvement in Oxygen Saturation

COVID Clinical Trial

— UPSAT  

Official title:

UPright Incline Positioning in COVID-19 Patients for Oxygen SATuration Improvement With Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure (UPSAT)

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Terminated

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04344561
• Other study ID #: IRB00246834
• Status: Terminated
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: May 25, 2020
• Est. completion date: May 1, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: June 2022
• Source: Johns Hopkins University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

COVID-19 is a respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 with a range of symptoms from mild, self-limiting respiratory tract infections to severe progressive pneumonia, multiorgan dysfunction and death. A portion of individuals with COVID-19 experience life-threatening hypoxia requiring supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation. Management of hypoxia in this population is complicated by contraindication of non-invasive ventilation and limitations in access to mechanical ventilation and critical care staff given the clinical burden of disease. Positional therapy is readily deployable and may ultimately be used to treat COVID-19 related respiratory failure in resources limited settings; and, it has been demonstrated to improve oxygenation and is easy to implement in the clinical setting.

The overall goal of this randomized controlled trial is to establish the feasibility of performing a randomized trial using a simple, minimally invasive positional therapy approach to improve hypoxia and reduce progression to mechanical ventilation. The objectives are to examine the effectiveness and feasibility of maintaining an inclined position in patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 associated hypoxemic respiratory failure. The investigators hypothesize that (1) oxyhemoglobin saturation will improve with therapy, (2) participants will tolerate and adhere to the intervention, and that (3) participants who adhere to positional therapy will have reduced rates of mechanical ventilation at 72 hours. If successful, this feasibility trial will demonstrate that a simple, readily deployed nocturnal postural maneuver is well tolerated and reverses underlying defects in ventilation and oxygenation due to COVID-19. It will also inform the design of a pivotal Phase III trial with estimates of sample sizes for clinically relevant outcomes.

Description:

Study Design: The investigators will conduct a pilot study to examine the acute effects of inclined posture on oxyhemoglobin saturation and the feasibility of conducting randomized controlled clinical trial among patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19-associated hypoxia.

In a subgroup of participants, the investigators will examine the acute effect of postural therapy (15-degree incline on hospital beds) on oxyhemoglobin saturation among hypoxic patients to establish a biologic response. The investigators will enroll a subset of participants (n=16) who will lie supine on hospital beds, which will be placed in the horizontal (flat) or 15-degree inclined (reverse Trendelenberg) orientation in random order. During this time, the investigators will continuous record pulse oximetry, pulse rate and variations in peripheral arterial tone with WatchPAT one devices. Subjects will be visually monitored for work of breathing during this time. If work of breathing becomes excessive, as defined as a sustain respiratory rate of >25 and an increase of >5 breaths per minute from baseline, or oxygenation decreases below 88% for > 30 seconds in the inclined position, then maneuvers will be stopped. If the patient meets these criteria in the flat position, then the investigators sit the patient upright, and allow breathing to return to baseline before examining responses in the inclined position.

The investigators will randomize participants to have beds placed in 15-degree incline or usual care (ad-lib positioning) for 72 hours. During the first night in a subgroup of participants, the investigators will record oxygenation, sleep wake state and markers of sympathetic activity with WatchPAT One devices, which can obtain cardiopulmonary parameters with high temporal resolution. The investigators will obtain vital signs from the data warehouse, which archives telemetry data with a maximum sampling frequency of 1 minute. The investigators will record adherence with continuous accelerometry sensors placed on the bed rails and on the anterolateral surface of participants' chests to measure bed and participants' positions, respectively. Aside from position, participants will receive usual treatment for COVID-19.

The investigators will enroll in 3 phases. At the end of each phase, the investigators will assess for completion of milestones for proceeding to the subsequent phase, as detailed below:

1. Pilot Study: The investigators will pilot the study in 16 participants to obtain critical information on logistics of conducting the trial including performance of recording instruments in a biocontainment environment, to examine the feasibility of the intervention, perform preliminary safety evaluations to ascertain potential harm and to determine whether the intervention results in a meaningful difference in body position.

2. Phase II RCT: If inclined therapy results in a difference in body position and no significant safety issues were detected, the investigators will conduct a phase II randomized-controlled trial (RCT) in 70 participants (see sample size calculation below) to estimate the effect size of inclined position on rates of intubation and determine sample size for a Phase III trial.

Randomization will be occur in both phases and will be stratified by study phase and study site.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Terminated
• Enrollment: 7
• Est. completion date: May 1, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: May 1, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• COVID-19 positive

• Pneumonia defined as hospitalization for acute (< 7 days) onset of symptoms (cough, sputum production, or dyspnea).

• Hypoxemia defined as = 2 L/min oxygen

Exclusion Criteria:

• Intubation

• Inability to lie supine

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• COVID
• Hypoxic Respiratory Failure
• Respiratory Insufficiency

Intervention

Other:
• Postural Positioning
Investigators will adjust the positioning of hospital beds to assess improvements in oxygenation and respiratory status.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Johns Hopkins Bayview Hospital	Baltimore	Maryland
United States	Johns Hopkins Hospital	Baltimore	Maryland

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Johns Hopkins University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (15)

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* Note: There are 15 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Acute change in oxyhemoglobin saturation	Mean oxyhemoglobin saturation (percentage) during final 7 minutes in a position.	During the final 7 minutes at each position, up to 72 hours
Primary	Incidence of Mechanical Ventilation	Number of participants needing mechanical ventilation over total number of participants per arm.	72 hours
Secondary	Number of participants with supplemental oxygen requirements	Number of participants with supplemental oxygen requirements.	72 hours
Secondary	Mean oxyhemoglobin saturation	Mean oxyhemoglobin saturation (percentage) measured over a 24-hour period.	At 24, 48 and 72 hours
Secondary	Mean Nocturnal Oxyhemoglobin Saturation	Mean oxyhemoglobin saturation (percentage) measured over an 8-hour period (between 10pm and 6am).	Measured between 10pm and 6am daily, up to 72 hours
Secondary	Heart Rate	Heart Rate (beats per minute) on Routine Vital Sign Assessment.	At 10, 24, 48 and 72 hours
Secondary	Respiratory Rate	Respiratory Rate (cycles per minute) on Routine Vital Sign Assessment.	At 10, 24, 48 and 72 hours
Secondary	Percentage of time in the assigned position	Percentage of time participants stay in the assigned position will be used to determine adherence.	72 hours