UM171 Expanded Cord Blood In Patients With High-Risk Acute Leukemia/Myelodysplasia

Cord Blood Transplant Clinical Trial

Official title:

A Phase II Open-label Study of ECT-001-expanded Cord Blood Transplantation in Patients With High-risk Acute Leukemia/Myelodysplasia

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03913026
• Other study ID #: ECT-001-CB.002
• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: April 1, 2019
• Est. completion date: October 2027

Study information

• Verified date: February 2024
• Source: Ciusss de L'Est de l'Île de Montréal
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a life-saving procedure in patients with blood cancers. Cord blood (CB) represents an alternative source of stem cells, which is associated with a lower risk of relapse, especially in the presence of minimal residual disease in the setting of acute leukemia and myelodysplasia. Furthermore, CB has the added advantage of being associated with a low risk of chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD). Unfortunately, CB transplants are hampered by a higher risk of transplant related mortality (TRM) when compared to bone marrow/peripheral blood transplants because of the limited cell dose of CB.

In the previous UM171 trial (NCT02668315), the CB expansion protocol using the ECT-001-CB technology (UM171 molecule) has proven to be technically feasible and safe. UM171 expanded CB was associated with a median neutrophil recovery at day (D)+18 post transplant. Amongst 22 patients who received a single UM171 CB transplant with a median follow-up of 18 months, risk of TRM (5%) and grade 3-4 acute GVHD (10%) were low. There was no moderate-severe chronic GVHD. Thus, overall and progression free survival at 12 months were impressive at 90% and 74%, respectively. The UM171 expansion protocol allowed access to smaller, better HLA matched CBs as >80% of patients received a 6-7/8 HLA matched CB. Interestingly there were 5 patients who had already failed an allogeneic transplant and 5 patients with refractory/relapsed acute leukemia/aggressive lymphoma. Despite this high risk population, progression was 20% at 12 months. Hence, in this new trial, investigators are targeting patients with high and very high-risk acute leukemia/myelodysplasia to test the antileukemia effect of this new graft, a UM171 expanded CB.

Description:

Methodology:

This is a multi-center open label phase II clinical trial. Patients with high and very high-risk acute leukemia/myelodysplasia will receive a single 5-7/8 HLA matched ECT-001 (UM171) expanded cord blood after an ablative conditioning regimen. This group of patients would be expected to have poor progression free survival (PFS) after a conventional allogeneic transplant (bone marrow-peripheral blood).

Investigators key primary and secondary objectives include:

1. To confirm low Transplant Related Mortality (TRM)

2. To evaluate relapse free survival (RFS)

3. To analyze kinetics of hematologic engraftment;

4. To evaluate the incidence of acute and chronic GVHD

5. To evaluate the safety of the procedure

6. To evaluate incidence of infectious complications

7. To analyze duration of hospitalization

8. To evaluate the incidence of pre-engraftment/engraftment syndrome (PES/ES)

9. To analyze the effect of cryopreservation of the expanded CD34+ fraction on safety and efficacy endpoints

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Enrollment: 30
• Est. completion date: October 2027
• Est. primary completion date: October 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 70 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Presence of high-risk acute leukemia/myelodysplasia defined as one of the following:

I. Acute Myeloid Leukemia:

1. Primary induction failure (no CR or CRi after = 2 courses of induction therapy or after = 1 induction containing high dose Ara-C)

2. Chemorefractory relapse (no CR or CRi after 1 chemointensive treatment)

3. Relapse after allogeneic or autologous transplant

4. High risk AML in CR1: i) any adverse genetic abnormality as defined by European Leukemia Net excluding FLT3 mutation; ii) secondary or therapy related AML excluding good risk genetic abnormalities (as defined by ELN); or iii) any other poor risk feature known to be associated with a PFS or DFS =40% at 2 years after conventional transplantation.

5. CR2 excluding good risk genetic abnormalities defined by ELN

6. =CR3

II. Acute Lymphoid Leukemia

1. Primary induction failure (= 2 inductions)

2. Chemorefractory relapse (at least 1 intensive induction chemotherapy; blinatumomab, inotuzumab or CAR-T cells may be considered as an equivalent)

3. Relapse after allogeneic or autologous transplant

4. High risk ALL in CR1: Ph like ALL or any other poor risk feature known to be associated with an PFS or DFS =40% at 2 years after conventional transplantation.

5. =CR2

6. MRD+ within 1 month of start of conditioning regimen.

III. Myelodysplastic syndrome

1. Relapse after allogeneic or autologous transplant

2. =10 % blasts within 1 month of start of conditioning regimen

3. Very poor cytogenetics (>3 abnormalities)

4. Any poor risk feature known to be associated with a PFS or DFS =40% at 2 years after conventional transplantation

5. TP53 mutation

6. =40 years old and RAS or JAK2 mutation

7. CMML with HCT-specific CPSS score high or intermediate-2

8. Stable disease (absence of CR/PR/HI) after 6 cycles of azacitidine (or another demethylating agent)

9. Progressive disease while on azacitidine (or another demethylating agent)

2. 18-70 years old

3. Availability of 2 CBs = 4/8 HLA match when A, B, C and DRB1 are performed at the allele level.

I. Cord to be expanded:

1. CD34+ cell count >0.5 x 105/kg and TNC>1.5 x 107/kg (these numbers are all pre-freeze)

2. Needs to be erythrodepleted by bank prior to cryopreservation

3. Must come from a cord bank that is FACT (Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy) accredited, FDA approved or eligible for NMDP IND.

II. Non-expanded CB/back-up cord:

1. Pre-freeze TNC count = 2.0 x 107/kg with CD34+ cells =1.5 x 105/kg or TNC count = 1.5 x 107 TNC/kg with CD34+ cells =1.7 x 105/kg. If a single cord does not meet these criteria, 2 back up cords will be an acceptable alternative with a minimum for each of 1.5 x 107/kg TNC and 1 x 105/kg CD34+ cells; another acceptable HSC back up source could be a haploidentical donor with medical clearance prior to starting conditioning regimen.

2. Must come from a cord bank that is FACT accredited, FDA approved or eligible for NMDP IND

4. Karnofsky score = 70%

5. Bilirubin < 2 x upper limit of normal (ULN) unless felt to be related to Gilbert's disease or hemolysis; AST and ALT = 2.5 x ULN; alkaline phosphatase = 5 x ULN.

6. Estimated or measured creatinine clearance = 60 ml/min/1.73m2.

7. Hematopoietic cell transplantation specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI) =5 for patients < 60 years old; HCT-CI =3 for patients < 60 years old and acute leukemia not in CR/CRi; HCT-CI =3 for patients 60-65 years old; HCT-CI =1 if 66-70 years old.

8. Left ventricular ejection fraction = 40%

9. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and diffusing capacity corrected for hemoglobin (DLCOc) = 50% of predicted

10. Signed written informed consent

11. Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days of enrolment and must be willing to use an effective contraceptive method while enrolled in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patient never treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and planned conditioning regimen does not include 12 Gy TBI (exceptions allowed if approved by PI).

2. Allogeneic myeloablative transplant within 6 months.

3. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant within 6 months.

4. Planned use of ATG in conditioning regimen (exceptions allowed if approved by PI in which case ATG must be adjusted for weight/lymphocyte count and given more than 1 week prior to transplant; any patient who receives ATG will have immune recovery studies but will not be counted with rest of patients and will be analyzed separately).

5. Planned use of an HLA matched CB (8/8 allele matched)

6. Uncontrolled infection.

7. Presence of a malignancy other than the one for which the CB transplant is being performed, with an expected survival estimated to be less than 75% at 5 years.

8. Seropositivity for HIV.

9. Hepatitis B or C infection with measurable viral load. Patients with chronic hepatitis B or C infection regardless of viral load require clear documentation of absence of cirrhosis by either fibroscan or biopsy. If fibroscan is the method used, the test must be unequivocally negative.

10. Liver cirrhosis.

11. Active central nervous system involvement

12. Chloroma > 2 cm

13. =50% blasts in marrow in an evaluable marrow sample (>25% of normal cellularity for age) collected less than one month prior to start of conditioning regimen.

14. Peripheral blasts >1000/mm3

15. Pregnancy, breastfeeding or unwillingness to use appropriate contraception.

16. Participation in a trial with an investigational agent within 30 days prior to entry in the study.

17. Patient unable to give informed consent or unable to comply with the treatment protocol including appropriate supportive care, follow-up, and tests.

18. Any abnormal condition or laboratory result that is considered by the PI capable of altering patient's condition or study outcome.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Cord Blood Transplant
• Hematologic Neoplasms
• High Risk Hematologic Malignancy
• Myelodysplastic Syndromes
• Preleukemia

Intervention

Biological:
• Transplant with an expanded ECT-001 cord blood
Patients will receive a conditioning regimen (such as: cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg, fludarabine 75mg/m2 and TBI 12 Gy or cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg, fludarabine 150 mg/m2, thiotepa 10 mg/kg and TBI 4 Gy). The cord to be expanded will undergo CD34+ selection. The CD34- product is cryopreserved and will be thawed and infused on Day +1 post-transplant. The CD34+ product will be placed in a closed culture with UM171 for a 7-day expansion and is infused on Day 0. Patients will receive standard supportive care and GVHD prophylaxis (such as MMF and tacrolimus). Tacrolimus will be discontinued on Day 100 post-transplant unless GVHD arises.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Canada	CIUSSS de l'Est-de-l'île-de Montreal, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont	Montréal	Quebec

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Ciusss de L'Est de l'Île de Montréal	ExCellThera inc., Stem Cell Network

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Canada, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Immune reconstitution	T, B, NK cell evaluation	1 year
Other	Identify markers suggesting escape from the immune system	If the underlying disease recurs, sequencing will be performed of the leukemias/MDS to identify markers suggesting escape from the immune system: for example down regulation of HLA on cancer cells.	3 years
Other	Graft composition and evaluation	To better understand the effect of ECT-001 expansion a sample of the graft will be transplanted into mice before and after expansion. In addition, the different cell populations of the graft will be analyzed by flow cytometry before and after expansion. UM171 appears to increase significantly the proportion of dendritic cell precursors and mast cell precursors. Confirmation of this observation from the 1st trial will be obtained.	7 days
Primary	Transplant Related Mortality (TRM)	TRM is defined as any death of any cause other than malignant relapse, occurring after the commencement of conditioning regimen that could be related to the transplantation procedure.	1 year
Primary	Relapse Free survival (RFS)	RFS will be measured from time of transplant until disease relapse, death or last follow-up.	2 years
Primary	Overall survival (OS)	OS will be measured from time of transplant until disease relapse, death or last follow-up.	2 years
Secondary	Neutrophil Engraftment	Time to neutrophil engraftment is defined as the first day of attainment of an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) =0.5 x 109/L for 3 consecutive days. Time to ANC = 0.1 x 109/L will also be documented as it seems to predict TRM.	42 days
Secondary	Graft failure	Absence of neutrophil engraftment by day 42 or secondary graft failure without any obvious cause.	42 days
Secondary	Platelet Engraftment	Platelet engraftment is defined as the first day of a sustained platelet count = 20 x 109/L with no platelet transfusion in the preceding 7 days as per CIBMTR standards (www.cibmtr.org).	60 days
Secondary	Incidence of Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (aGVHD)	The time to onset and maximal grade will be recorded. Acute GVHD will be defined as classic acute (time of onset of symptoms = 100 days) or persistent, recurrent, or late onset acute GVHD (time of onset of symptoms > 100 days) as defined by the NIH. Results will be compared to patients at the same institution transplanted with different stem cell sources.	1 year
Secondary	Incidence of Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease (cGVHD)	Defined as per NIH global severity scores for mild, moderate, and severe chronic GVHD.	2 years
Secondary	Adverse events grade 3 or higher	All adverse events occurring during the clinical trial, including the protocol-defined post-treatment follow-up period, qualifying as a grade = 3 toxicity per the revised NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0.	3 years
Secondary	Incidence of severe infectious complications.	Any of the following infections requiring systemic therapy will be captured: invasive candidiasis, aspergillus, other invasive fungi, CMV, adenovirus, EBV, HHV-6, HSV, VZV, PCP, toxoplasmosis and mycobacterium.	3 years
Secondary	Hospitalization events	Total number of days admitted to the hospital in the first 100 days following transplant. Last day of fever (=38.0°C) prior to engraftment, and number of days of parenteral feeding during transplant admission.	1 year
Secondary	Incidence of preengraftment/engraftment syndrome (ES) requiring therapy.		30 days