COPD Clinical Trial
— ORACLEOfficial title:
Biomarkers of Dementia in Chronic Sleep and Breathing Disorders
NCT number | NCT06377332 |
Other study ID # | X23-0330 |
Secondary ID | |
Status | Recruiting |
Phase | |
First received | |
Last updated | |
Start date | December 1, 2023 |
Est. completion date | July 1, 2025 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and overlap syndrome are associated with obstructions in breathing and disturbed sleep. Chronic breathing disruptions and poor sleep may lead to cognitive impairment and brain changes linked with early neurodegenerative processes. As such, identifying early markers of cognitive impairment and dementia risk in individuals with chronic respiratory and sleep breathing disorders is crucial for understanding how these diseases may contribute to accelerated brain ageing. This study will comprehensively measure sleep, lung function, cognitive performance and blood-based markers of dementia risk and inflammation. The investigators will use innovative technologies to identify biomarkers of cognitive impairment and dementia risk in people with chronic sleep and breathing disorders. The investigators will also investigate the relationships between disrupted sleep and abnormal breathing and the brain. This research may also inform future early interventions to improve cognition and brain health in chronic sleep and respiratory disease.
Status | Recruiting |
Enrollment | 104 |
Est. completion date | July 1, 2025 |
Est. primary completion date | July 1, 2025 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | All |
Age group | 40 Years to 65 Years |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: Control: 1. Males and females; 2. Aged 40-65 years; 3. Able to give informed consent; 4. Able to perform neuropsychological and cognitive testing; 5. Fluent in English. OSA: 1. Males and females; 2. Aged 40-65 years; 3. Oximetry confirmed moderate to severe OSA based on the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) =15/hr; 4. Able to give informed consent; 5. Ability to perform neuropsychological and cognitive testing; 6. Fluent in English. COPD: 1. Males and females; 2. Aged 40-65 years; 3. COPD confirmed by diagnosis or a positive lung function test (GOLD 2 minimum, FEV1 =50%, < 80% predicted; FEV1/FVC < 0.7); 4. 10-pack year smoking history; 5. Able to perform neuropsychological and cognitive testing; 6. Fluent in English. Overlap Syndrome: 1. Males and females; 2. Aged 40-65 years; 3. Oximetry confirmed moderate to severe OSA based on the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) =15/hr; 4. COPD confirmed by diagnosis or a positive lung function test (GOLD 2 minimum, FEV1 =50%, < 80% predicted; FEV1/FVC < 0.7); 5. 10-pack year smoking history; 6. Able to perform neuropsychological and cognitive testing; 7. Fluent in English. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Dementia diagnosis; 2. At home or overnight oxygen therapy; 3. Asthma diagnosis (identified with lung function bronchodilator); 4. Current antipsychotic use; 5. BMI > 40; 6. PAP use or OSA treatment in the last 2 months; 7. Recent COPD exacerbation with change in symptomology (hospitalisation and/or steroids and/or antibiotics) within 6 weeks; 8. Awake supine oxygen saturations of < 93%; 9. Sleep disorders including narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia (IH), moderate-severe restless leg syndrome (RLS) or REM behaviour disorder (RBD); 10. Other major comorbidities (other lung diseases, neurodegenerative disease, brain injury, severe mental illness, PTSD); 11. Uncontrolled depression (impacting daily life, no use of medications or engagement with psychotherapy- dictated by physician); 12. Malignancies (basal cell carcinoma accepted); 13. Any contraindication for MRI. 14. New York Heart Association (NYHA) score of IV or hospitalisation from heart failure in the last 6 months. |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
Australia | The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research | Sydney | New South Wales |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Woolcock Institute of Medical Research |
Australia,
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Other | Brain structure: cortical thickness and volumetric brain maps | Brain MRI: T1-weighted imaging will be analysed to obtain individual cortical grey-matter thickness and volumetric maps. Associations of cortical thickness and brain-area volumes and night-time hypoxaemia / sleep fragmentation will be tested using permutation analysis of linear models on each vertex/voxel on the brain map, and corrected for multiple comparisons in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Brain structure: diffusion-weighted imaging | Brain MRI: Diffusion-weighted imaging will be analysed to obtain individual fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) maps. Associations of FA and MD and night-time hypoxaemia / sleep fragmentation will be tested using permutation analysis of linear models on each voxel of the white-matter brain map, and corrected for multiple comparisons, in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Brain function: resting-state BOLD fMRI | Brain fMRI: Resting-state BOLD fMRI will be subjected to dual-regression independent component analysis to obtain individual spatial maps of multiple resting-state brain networks. The component weights of individual voxels will be associated with night-time hypoxaemia / sleep fragmentation using permutation analysis of linear models and corrected for multiple comparisons, in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Brain pathology: T1-weighted, T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted imaging, and FLAIR | Brain MRI: Structural scans will be used to identify potential brain pathology including, white-matter hyper- and hypo-intensities, lacunes, and potential infarcts or other potential ischaemic lesions. The number, type and anatomical location of these potential pathologies will be scored and associated with night-time hypoxaemia / sleep fragmentation using linear mixed models, in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Assessment of sensorimotor function and comprehension through the Motor Screening Task (MOT) of CANTAB. | CANTAB: Differences in scores on the MOT as measured by MOTML (the mean latency from display of a stimulus to the correct response). Greater scores indicate worse performance. Associations between MOT scores and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Assessment of processing and psychomotor speed through the Reaction Time (RTI) test of CANTAB. | CANTAB: Differences in scores on the RTI as measured by RTIFMDRT (the median time taken for the subject to select the target stimulus after releasing the button, calculated across all trials). Higher scores indicate worse performance. Associations between RTI scores night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Assessment of working memory and strategy through the Spatial Working Memory (SWM) test of CANTAB. | CANTAB: Differences in scores on the SWM as measured by SWMTE (total errors during the trials). Higher scores indicate worse performance. Associations between SWM scores and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Assessment of visual episodic memory through the Paired Associate Learning (PAL) test of CANTAB. | CANTAB: Differences in scores on the PAL as measured by PALTEA (The number of times the subject chose the incorrect box for a stimulus on assessment problems (PALTE), plus an adjustment for the estimated number of errors they would have made on any problems, attempts and recalls they did not reach). Higher scores indicate worse performance. Associations between PAL scores and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Sleep Spindles During Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Sleep | Sleep spindle and slow oscillation events in NREM sleep from in-laboratory overnight polysomnography. A sleep spindle and slow oscillation detection algorithm will be applied to electroencephalography (EEG) signals from polysomnography after artefacts are detected and removed. Associations between sleep spindles and slow oscillation events and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Traditional sleep staging. | Proportion of the sleep opportunity scored at the 5 stages (wake, and N1, N2, N3, and REM sleep) between lights out and lights on, and sleep onset, REM onset, sleep efficiency, measured using overnight in-laboratory polysomnography with high-density electroencephalogram (HdEEG), scored by a polysomnographic technician in accordance with American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) Sleep Scoring criteria. Associations between traditional sleep staging and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Absolute Electroencephalography (EEG) Power During Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep. | Spectral power of delta (1-4.5 Hz), theta (4.5-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), sigma (12-15 Hz), beta (15-25 Hz), and gamma (25-40 Hz) frequency ranges. Power spectral analysis will be applied to EEG signals from polysomnography after artefacts are detected and removed. Associations between absolute Electroencephalography (EEG) Power During Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) severity metrics | Apnoea-hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI; 3%), oxygen saturation nadir, electroencephalogram (EEG) arousal index (number of arousals per hour of sleep). Associations between OSA severity metrics and night-time hypoxaemia/ sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Other | Lung function as measured by clinical pulmonary function tests (PFT) | Pulmonary functioning as measured by traditional PFT (spirometry with pre and post bronchodilator, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO), lung volumes and respiratory impedance (oscillometry) as dictated by the American Thoracic Society (ATS). Associations between lung function and night-time hypoxaemia/ sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Primary | Scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) neuropsychological assessment for dementia risk. | MoCA scores of 18 to 25 indicate mild cognitive impairment, 10 to 17 indicate moderate cognitive impairment and scores below 10 indicate severe cognitive impairment.
Associations between MoCA and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample. |
Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Primary | Blood levels of amyloid beta (Aß40/Aß42 ratio). | Associations between blood levels of Aß (Aß40/Aß42 ratio) and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Absolute Electroencephalographic (EEG) Power During Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Sleep. | Spectral power of delta (1-4.5 Hz), theta (4.5-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), sigma (12-15 Hz), beta (15-25 Hz), and gamma (25-40 Hz) frequency ranges. Associations between absolute Electroencephalographic (EEG) Power During Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Sleep and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Brain tissue oxygenation during cognitive tasks and sleep. | Brain tissue oxygenation during sleep as measured by oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). Associations between brain tissue oxygenation and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Hypoxemia as measured by pulse oximetry. | Overnight hypoxemia measured by pulse oximetry through nocturnal readings of blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). Associations between night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Sleep Fragmentation | EEG arousal index (events per minute of total sleep time) measured during polysomnography. Associations between night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Assessment of premorbid functioning and preinjury through the Test of Premorbid Functioning (TOPF). | Neuropsychological Test: A z-score of -0.75 indicates low-average premorbid functioning, z= -1.40 indicates borderline poor premorbid functioning and inferior premorbid functioning spans from z=-2.05 to -3.65. Associations between TOPF scores and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Assessment of verbal learning and memory through the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). | Neuropsychological Test: RAVLT scores between groups. Scores = z= -1.0 across two domains indicate poor performance. Immediate verbal learning is assessed by summing trials 1 to 5, Learning is assessed from trial 5 minus trial 1, and Forgetting is assessed through trial five minus the delayed recall trial. Associations between RAVLT scores and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Assessment of mild forms of cognitive dysfunction through Delis Kaplan Executive Functioning System (D-CEFS) neuropsychological assessment. | Neuropsychological Test: Differences in scores between groups across the four trials. Greater time taken to complete the trials results in higher scores which indicate worse performance. Associations between D-CEFS scores night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Assessment of speed of processing and executive functioning through the Trail Making Test (TMT). | Neuropsychological Test: Differences in TMT scores between groups. Greater time taken to complete the tests results in higher scores which indicate worse performance. A TMT trial A score of =78 seconds and a TMT trial B score of =273 seconds indicates deficiency. Associations between TMT scores night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Assessment of verbal fluency through the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT). | Neuropsychological Test: Differences in the COWAT scores between groups. The more acceptable words stated across all four trials, the better the performance in the test. Associations between COWAT scores and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Assessment of attention, perceptual speed, motor speed and visual scanning through the Symbol Digits Modalities Test (SDMT). | Neuropsychological Test: Differences in the scores on the SDMT between groups. Scores on the SDMT range from 1 to 110, with higher scores indicating better performance over the 90-second trial. Associations between SDMT scores and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of fibrinogen. | Differences in the blood levels of fibrinogen between groups. Associations between fibrinogen and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of clusterin. | Differences in the blood levels of clusterin between groups. Associations between clusterin and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of 8-isoprostane | Differences in the blood levels of 8-isoprostane between groups. Associations between 8-isoprostane and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) | Differences in the blood levels of CRP between groups. Associations between CRP and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). | Differences in the blood levels of ESR between groups. Associations between ESR and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of plasma tau. | Differences in the blood levels of plasma tau between groups. Associations between plasma-tau and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of neurofilament light chain (NFL). | Differences in the blood levels of NFL between groups. Associations between NFL and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). | Differences in the blood levels of GFAP between groups. Associations between GFAP and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE-4). | Differences in the blood levels of APOE-4 between groups. Associations between APOE-4 and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8). | Differences in the blood levels of IL-8 between groups. Associations between IL-8 and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6). | Differences in the blood levels of IL-6 between groups. Associations between IL-6 and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa). | Differences in the blood levels of TNFa between groups. Associations between TNFa and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation in the entire sample and between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Blood levels of amyloid beta (Aß40/Aß42 ratio). | Associations between blood levels of Aß (Aß40/Aß42 ratio) and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation between groups. | Cross-sectional/baseline only | |
Secondary | Scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) neuropsychological assessment for dementia risk. | MoCA scores of 18 to 25 indicate mild cognitive impairment, 10 to 17 indicate moderate cognitive impairment and scores below 10 indicate severe cognitive impairment.
Associations between MoCA and night-time hypoxemia / sleep fragmentation between groups. |
Cross-sectional/baseline only |
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