View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:The study is an open label, multicenter, randomized (three arms: DOT (standard control), SAT, SAT with SMS reminders) controlled clinical trial. The trial is conducted in patients diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) who are recommended for treatment. The primary objective is to evaluate adherence to a three-month (12-dose) regimen of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid (3RPT/INH) given by directly observed therapy (DOT) compared to self-administered therapy (SAT). The secondary objectives: - To compare the treatment completion rates between participants randomized to SAT without reminders versus SAT with weekly SMS reminders - To evaluate the timing of doses and patterns of adherence to once weekly RPT/INH among participants who complete treatment and those who discontinue therapy prior to completion. - To determine the availability and acceptability of using SMS reminders among all patients consenting to participate in the study. - To determine the toxicity and tolerability by comparing the rates of any drug-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events or death between the DOT arm and the SAT arms (both combined and individually) - To compare the frequency, timing, and causes for failure to complete treatment between the DOT arm and the SAT arms - To collect patient-specific cost data related to the 3 treatment arms - To describe the pattern of antituberculosis drug resistance among Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains cultured from participants who develop active TB.
Acinetobacter baumannii causes severe infections (pneumonia, bacteremia, organ space) with high lethality in hospitalised critically ill patients. It can acquire resistance to all classes of antibiotics (multidrug resistance, MDR) except an 'old' drug, colistin, which may be the only therapeutic option. However, colistin is not registered for this indication. The addition of rifampicin to colistin has been shown to be synergistic in vitro, and may be promising in vivo, but this combination has not been studied in comparison with colistin alone. The purpose of this randomised, open-label, multicentre clinical trial is to assess whether the association of colistin and rifampicin reduces significantly the mortality of patients with severe MDR A. baumannii infections compared with colistin alone. The trial will enroll 210 patients from intensive care units (ICU) of five tertiary care hospitals where MDR A. baumannii infection is endemic with epidemic phases. Patients will be randomly allocated to either colistin alone (control arm) or colistin plus rifampicin (experimental arm). Primary end point is overall mortality, defined as death occurring within 30 days from randomisation. Secondary end points will be disease-specific death, microbiological eradication, hospitalization length, emergence of resistance to colistin during treatment.
The purpose of this research study is to evaluate the effects (good and bad) of supplementation with Glutamine to that of a placebo (L-alanine), on your child and their Short Bowel Syndrome. Researchers are doing this study to see if the addition of Glutamine to oral/tube feeding (nutrition therapy) will work better by preventing bloodstream infections, improving growth, and/or changing the make-up of bacteria in your child's intestine. Glutamine is approved by the FDA for use in adults with Short Bowel Syndrome. In this study, the investigators will be assessing how well Glutamine affects Short Bowel Syndrome in children.
The primary aim of this study is to determine the impact of community-based screening and treatment of abnormal vaginal flora and urinary tract infections in early pregnancy (13-19 weeks) on preterm live birth in Sylhet district, Bangladesh. Hypothesis 1: Community-based screening and treatment of abnormal vaginal flora (Nugent score >4) and urinary tract infections in early pregnancy (13-19 weeks) will reduce the population rate of preterm live birth by at least 15%. The secondary aims of this study are: - To determine the impact of community-based screening and treatment of abnormal vaginal flora and urinary tract infections on the: - proportion of pregnancies with outcomes occurring prior to 37 weeks (late miscarriage, preterm still birth and preterm live birth); and - proportion of babies with early onset neonatal sepsis. - To determine the prevalence of abnormal vaginal flora and urinary tract infections, including asymptomatic bactiuria, among pregnant women in Sylhet district, Bangladesh. - To evaluate the accuracy of simple, low-cost, point of care diagnostic tests for detecting bacterial vaginosis and urinary tract infections by community health workers in a rural, developing country setting.
This study conducted to assess the effects of normal saline or cefazolin irrigation on the incidence of SSIs. Hypothesis: Normal saline or cefazolin irrigation decreases the incidence of SSIs.
The investigators assessed if use of AgION-impregnated umbilical catheters can decrease the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) in preterm infants.
The investigators examined the outcome of patients with severe Enterohaemorrhagic E. Coli (EHEC) O104:H4 infection suffering from bloody diarrhoea that were at risk to develop hemolytic uremic syndrome and underwent repetitive whole bowl lavage during hospitalization.
Objectives: This study aims to characterize severe skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in the emergency department through the acquisition of ultrasound images. A wide range of SSTIs will be imaged and recorded, leading to a registry of these infections. The registry will show whether ED (emergency department) sonographers can accurately characterize these infections, as compared to the final hospital diagnosis. The registry will also provide data for a case-control study comparing ultrasonographic characteristics of necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections (NSTIs) to those of non-necrotizing SSTIs. Research procedures: In this study, the investigators will approach patients who present to the Emergency Department with a possible skin and/or tissue infection. Study subjects must be ED patients requiring admission to the hospital for the primary problem of an SSTI due to the need for follow-up. If the patient consents to participating in the study, the investigator will obtain and record an ultrasound image of the infected area. An ultrasound image of an uninfected area of skin will also be recorded for comparison. Patient information regarding personal history, physical examination, blood tests and x-rays will also be gathered from participants.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of bacteria called Lactobacillus GG, a Probiotic, in preventing the growth of resistant bacteria in the digestive tract in patients on a ventilator.
This is a feasibility double-blind randomised controlled trial in 32 participants. It evaluates the feasibility of a full trial which will examine the efficacy of weekly supplementation of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) relative to placebo on the subsequent frequency and severity of objectively-verified symptomatic acute respiratory tract infection, overall and as a proportion of detected colonisations of the upper respiratory tract by 9 of the most common aetiologic viral pathogens.