View clinical trials related to Cognition Disorders.
Filter by:People with schizophrenia tend to have problems with attention and concentration. Studies found that these patients are unable to block or gate out non-relevant and distracting information (e.g., noises). This may lead to brain overload. Cognitive abilities like concentration, memory, and learning may worsen. This ability to filter sensory information has been linked to a gene that affects the way nicotine acts in the brain. Patients with schizophrenia have a high rate of cigarette smoking. 60% to 90% smoke compared with 25% of the general population. It has been suggested that these patients may use nicotine to improve their ability to block out distracting information. Brain wave activity (EEG) in response to sounds has been proved useful in understanding this gating problem. The present study uses EEG measures and performance tasks to find out what a new nicotine-like treatment, which will be added to ongoing treatment medications, does to gating and cognition. It is hoped that this new treatment will improve the way in which patients process information, as this may help them in day-to-day activities.
This is a pilot study to examine the feasibility of a formal 30-minute daily program on a tablet computer (simply a "tablet") in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The purpose of the program, known as Kodro Solution, is to increase physical activity, maintain social interaction, improve nutrition and exercise cognitive skills using a tablet. In addition to feasibility, outcome measures will include: (a) health-related quality of life, (b) self-esteem, (c) activities of daily living, (d) socialization, (e) mood, and (f) cognition. Study participants must have a study partner who can assist them with training on use of the tablet and the Kodro Solution program. Fifty (50) study subjects and their study partners will be recruited at the Wien Center. A delayed start design will be utilized. Study subjects will be randomly assigned to either active treatment (Kodro+) or delayed treatment (Kodro+D). Active treatment with Kodro Solution will be initiated at the baseline visit for Kodro+ subjects and 12 weeks after baseline for Kodro+D subjects. The 12-week period without tablets will serve as a control. Active treatment with Kodro Solution will continue for 36 weeks for the Kodro+ subjects and 24 weeks for the Kodro+D subjects. For both groups, the outcome measures will be assessed at baseline, week 12 and week 36. The lagged design will facilitate enrollment and enable the assessment of a dose effect.
Dementia is a very frequent cognitive disorder among elderly individuals. Its prevalence is about 15-20% of the population over the age of 65. The most common forms of dementia among the elderly demented patients are Alzheimer's disease (AD) (prevalence of 70%) and Vascular dementia (VD) (prevalence of about 30-40%).There is also a high rate (about 40%) of coexisting of AD and VD among the dementia patients, defined as mixed dementia. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a pre-dementia phase of cognitive decline. It is also considered as a prodromal phase of both VD and AD. Its basic clinical features include: cognitive concern, reflecting a change in cognition, reported by the patient or informant (i.e., historical or observed evidence of decline over time), with objective evidence of impairment in one or more cognitive domains (i.e., by formal cognitive testing), as well as preservation of independence in functional abilities and not being demented (i.e., no significant impairment social or occupational functioning). Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been investigated for treatment of numerous diseases for more than 300 years. The principal effect of HBOT is increasing the solubility of oxygen in plasma to a level sufficient to support tissues with minimal oxygen supply carried on by hemoglobin. Clinical studies published this year present convincing evidence that hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can be the coveted neurotherapeutic method for brain repair. Thus, it seems that HBOT might be an efficient and clinically feasible method capable of increasing tissue/cellular oxygenation and effectively evoking neuroplasticity in the chronically vascular-lesioned areas during the post microvascular lesion phase. This is a prospective, randomized, control crossed over, study evaluating the effect of HBOT in patients suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Subcortical Ischemia.
The aim of this study is to perform a whole-genome linkage analysis for identification of the susceptibility loci for POCD
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a significant risk factor for dementia. Persons with MCI experience cognitive changes, most typically affecting memory; that are greater than those experienced in "normal" aging. However, these cognitive changes in MCI, unlike in dementia, are not significant enough to markedly interfere with functional independence. In addition to cognitive change, some people with MCI also experience elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety, which adds to their risk of developing dementia. Close family are also impacted by their relative's MCI and show mild physical (e.g., increased incidence of systemic health problems such as high blood pressure) and mental health declines (e.g., elevated symptoms associated with depression and anxiety) that are similar, though not as severe, to those experienced by caregivers of a relative with dementia. Programs aimed at behavioural intervention have real potential to reduce and/or prevent negative health outcomes associated with MCI and future dementia by promoting positive behaviour changes. We wish to scientifically establish the utility of a behavioural intervention aimed at addressing the needs of both the person with MCI and their close family member, with the ultimate goal of lowering current and future susceptibility to mental health declines and chronic disease in people living with MCI. We have an 8 session (16 hour) program, where participants with MCI and their close relative are together for the first half of each session, which is devoted primarily to enabling positive lifestyle choice. In the second hour the group splits up, with MCI clients engaging in memory training while their close family member participates in a psychosocial intervention.
Recent studies have shown that aerobic exercises and dual-task training are effective in improving overall cognitive function in patients with cognitive impairment or dementia. However, the biological mechanisms are unknown in humans. It also remains unclear regarding whether carrying APOEε4 genotype or not would influence the effects. Therefore, the three main purposes of this study are: (1) to investigate the effects of a 3-month aerobic exercises combined with dual-task training on memory and executive cognitive functions in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and in those with early Alzheimer's disease (AD); (2) to compare the differences in training effects between patients who carry APOEε4 genotype and those who do not carry this genotype; and (3) to investigate the biological mechanisms of the exercise training effects on memory and executive cognitive function in these patients. The biological mechanisms of interest will include the blood Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 level, insulin, fasting glucose, cytokine, integrity of brain fiber tracts, and cerebral blood flow. We will conduct a randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 70 patients with MCI or AD will be recruited. The participants will be randomly assigned to the experimental group or the control group. Both groups will receive three 90-minute exercise sessions per week for 12 weeks. For the experimental group, the exercise program will include moderate intensity aerobic exercises and dual-task training; whereas for the control group, the training program will include gentle stretching exercises. Both groups will receive examinations on outcome variables, including blood Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 level, insulin, fasting glucose, cytokine,integrity of brain fiber tracts, cerebral blood flow, cognitive function, and dual task performance at baseline, post-training, and after a 3-month follow-up period. Differences on the aforementioned outcomes brought by the 12-week training programs will be compared between the experimental and control groups. Exercise effects between patients who carry APOEε4 genotype and those who do not will also be examined. Results of this study will provide relevant clinical evidence for the effects of aerobic exercises combined with dual-task training on patients with MCI and mild AD; and will provide further understanding of the mechanisms mediating these effects.
Interventional Study of Early Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia The main purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients and its time course. This study will first evaluate the preoperative cognitive function of elderly patients based on several criteria including complete patient history, laboratory and instrumental exams, and the following measures in order to identify conditions and pathologies that may influence cognitive function. - Mini Mental State Examination - Geriatric Index of Comorbidity - Geriatric Depression Scale The following neuropsychological tests will be performed on the same day within 7 days of surgery (baseline): - Trail Making Test B-A - Digit Span - Digit Symbol Substitution Test The three cognitive function assessments will be repeated at the following postoperative time points and the change from the preoperative baseline to each time will be evaluated: - Day 2 (time point 1) - Day 4 (time point 2) - Between days 85 and 90 (time point 3) If the patient seems confused before the postoperative administration of these tests, the Neecham Confusion Scale will be used to evaluate the patient for the presence of postoperative delirium; if delirium is not detected, the cognitive function tests will be administered.
Visual cognitive deficits in children are frequent, with an impact on working and daily activities. Optometric therapy may improve those functions, however few studies have been performed. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of such therapy by a comparative study between two groups of children aged between 5 and 12 after 6 months of rehabilitation.
The purpose and objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of elevated ammonia levels in subjects with cognitive impairment, and to observe if treating the cause of the elevated ammonia level improves mental status. This study does not include any imaging, treatment,or interventions, other than the blood draws. The blood draws will be taken to assess blood ammonia level and liver function. If the the ammonia level is not elevated, no further lab draws will occur. If the ammonia level is elevated, liver function is normal, and a cause for the high ammonia level is revealed with a plan for clinical treatment by the subjects' physician, then two more blood draws will occur; one prior to treatment, and one 3 months after treatment. The main risk to subjects is related to the blood draw (i.e. momentary discomfort, bruising, infection, bleeding, clotting or fainting), and there is a potential loss of confidentiality. A paired student t test will be done with the two later blood to compare objective data.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED QUESTION Cognitive disorders are frequently encountered and present a major public health problem given the aging of the population. There is not one, but several neurodegenerative pathologies individual differentiated. Particularly distinguished is Alzheimer's disease (the most common), dementia lobar fronto-temporal associated with semantic dementia (a disease with a particular tropism for semantic memory and the anterior temporal lobe), and dementia with Lewy bodies. To differentiate these pathologies is, for the clinician, is a major issue and the clinic may not be enough. The management and current diagnostics of atypical cognitive disorders, that is to say, patients with clinical symptoms or neuropsychological testing results suggestive of a neurodegenerative disorder other than Alzheimer's disease, are based largely on data imaging. In the first intention, conducting imaging by MRI is recommended by the HAS, particularly to search for treatable causes to these cognitive disorders (tumors, intracranial hemorrhage in particular) but also to study the distribution of cerebral atrophy. The sequences used are the sequences 3D T1, axial Flair, gradient echo axial T2 and coronal T2 in the plane of hippocampi and also diffusion imaging. Research has shown interest in the study of cerebral perfusion in cognitive disorders. The HAS recommends not to inject contrast medium on MRI in this context. The sequence of perfusion by tagging arterial protons or "arterial spin labeling" (ASL) does not use exogenous contrast medium. This is available as a commercial product, CE marked, on most of the recent clinical MRI scanners. This non-invasive technique, requiring no special precautions (e.g. verification of renal function) is used in routine clinical practice at the University Hospital of Rennes and in many centers. In the imaging of patients with dementia, it is widely used as well as the 3D T1 sequences or diffusion imaging (International Initiative ADNI) and is subject to optimization and harmonization of use in routine clinical practice with the European COST AID actions. The second intention, an isotope imaging by FDG-PET or study of perfusion SPECT can also be performed. The interest of isotopic imaging (FDG-PET and SPECT) lies in the provision of information metabolic nonexistent in MRI, with a superiority of FDG-PET compared with SPECT. FDG-PET is the preferred examination and is carried out at CRLCC Eugène Marquis de Rennes in this context. The aim of our study is to compare the imaging of TEPFDG, a technique not morphological, and ASL that, even if they do not study the same mode (metabolism for the first and perfusion for the second) may depict consistent anomalies.