Chronic Kidney Disease Clinical Trial
Official title:
Chocolate for the Patient With Chronic Kidney Disease: a New Strategy to Modulate Inflammation?
Chocolate is a widely appreciated foodstuff with historical appreciation as food from the gods. It is a rich source of (poly)phenolics, which have several proposed salutogenic effects, including neuroprotective anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective properties. This study will evaluate the potential salutogenic contribution of chocolate intake, to mitigate inflammatory and oxidative burden in chronic kidney disease patients.
This study is evaluating patients with CKD on a regular HD program randomized in the chocolate group and control group. The chocolate group is receiving 40g of dark chocolate per day for 2 months and the control group is not receiving any intervention. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are being isolated for expression of Nrf2, NF-kB, and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Antioxidant enzymes activity (catalase-CAT and glutathione peroxidase-GPx), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) will be assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ;
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