Optimal Strategy for the Management of ASCUS Cytology in Health Care Services of Medellin, Colombia

Cervical Cancer Clinical Trial

— ASCUS-COL  

Official title:

Evaluation of Strategies for Optimal Clinical Management of Women With Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASC-US)

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02067468
• Other study ID #: 111545921657
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: January 2011
• Est. completion date: April 2016

Study information

• Verified date: September 2019
• Source: Universidad de Antioquia
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Cervical cancer as well cervical preneoplastic abnormalities (CIN2+) are cause by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. These abnormalities have been historically detected by cervical cytology, but recent evidence shows that HPV testing is superior to cytology to detect cervical lesions that eventually will progress to cancer. Despite evidence, conventional cytology (Pap) remains as a primary screening test in Colombia and HPV test is recommended as a triage test for women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) in settings around the world. Women with ASC-US have low risk to CIN2+ but higher than healthy population, and therefore it is important to provide appropriate clinical management. However, there is no consensus of how to deal women with ASC-US and therefore there are still three strategies for this purpose: 1) immediate colposcopy, 2) repeat conventional cytology at 6 and 12 months and 3) HPV testing. The main objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness and the efficient among the strategies as well as to evaluate the acceptability of the HPV testing in a real-life setting.

Description:

The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of immediate colposcopy (IC), repeat conventional cytology at 6 and 12 months (RC) and HPV triage (HPV) (QIAGEN-The digene HPV Test®) for the clinical management of women with ASC-US insured in healthcare management organizations (HMO) within the Colombian health security system. This study randomized 2,661 20-69 years old women with ASC-US, insured in HMOs in Medellin-Colombia to 3 arms: IC, RC and HPV. All women are scheduled for a visit at 2 years after recruitment that includes HPV-test/cytology and colposcopy either if HPV+ (RLU>=1) or abnormal cytology (>=ASC-US). This colposcopy is performed by a trained colposcopist and women are followed-up according to a well-defined algorithm. The fewer high-grade cervical neoplasia (CIN2+) rate at the end of following will determine the most effective arm. The most efficiency arm will be which reach the major effective with the minimum resource (cytologies, colposcopies and histologies) consumed. The resource consumed is being retrieved from the HMOs. This study also pretends to evaluate the acceptability of the HPV testing. This study will allow us to know if within the Colombian health security system, the HPV test will remain superior to repeating cytology and/or to immediate colposcopy as it has been demonstrated in randomized controlled trials carried out in outside settings.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 2661
• Est. completion date: April 2016
• Est. primary completion date: April 2016
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 20 Years to 69 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• ASC-US cytology, living in metropolitan area of Medellin

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previous abnormal cytology

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Cervical Abnormalities
• Cervical Cancer
• Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
• Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2/3
• Neoplasms
• Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Intervention

Device:
• HPV test
QIAGEN - The Digene HPV test®

Procedure:
• COLPOSCOPY
Colposcopy routine health services

Device:
• cytology
Cytology routine health services

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Colombia	Universidad de Antioquia	Medellin	Antioquia

Sponsors (11)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Universidad de Antioquia	Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, DINAMICA IPS, EPS COMFAMA, EPS COMFENALCO, EPS SURA, Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (COLCIENCIAS), International Agency for Research on Cancer, Laboratorio Clínico Escuela de Microbiología (Universidad de Antioquia), Metrosalud, QIAGEN Gaithersburg, Inc

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Colombia, 

References & Publications (25)

Andrés-Gamboa O, Chicaíza L, García-Molina M, Díaz J, González M, Murillo R, Ballesteros M, Sánchez R. Cost-effectiveness of conventional cytology and HPV DNA testing for cervical cancer screening in Colombia. Salud Publica Mex. 2008 Jul-Aug;50(4):276-85. — View Citation

Arbyn M, Martin-Hirsch P, Buntinx F, Van Ranst M, Paraskevaidis E, Dillner J. Triage of women with equivocal or low-grade cervical cytology results: a meta-analysis of the HPV test positivity rate. J Cell Mol Med. 2009 Apr;13(4):648-59. doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00631.x. Epub 2009 Jan 23. — View Citation

Arbyn M, Ronco G, Anttila A, Meijer CJ, Poljak M, Ogilvie G, Koliopoulos G, Naucler P, Sankaranarayanan R, Peto J. Evidence regarding human papillomavirus testing in secondary prevention of cervical cancer. Vaccine. 2012 Nov 20;30 Suppl 5:F88-99. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.095. Review. Erratum in: Vaccine. 2013 Dec 16;31(52):6266. — View Citation

Arbyn M, Sasieni P, Meijer CJ, Clavel C, Koliopoulos G, Dillner J. Chapter 9: Clinical applications of HPV testing: a summary of meta-analyses. Vaccine. 2006 Aug 31;24 Suppl 3:S3/78-89. Review. — View Citation

ASCUS-LSIL Traige Study (ALTS) Group. Results of a randomized trial on the management of cytology interpretations of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Jun;188(6):1383-92. — View Citation

Baena A, Agudelo MC, Posada G, Lopez C, Buitrago CA, Suescun D, Gomez LJ, Ochoa JC, Sasieni P, Almonte M, Herrero R, Sanchez GI. Efectividad de tres estrategias para el manejo clínico de la citología ASC-US en servicios rutinarios de salud de Medellín, Co

Baena A, Agudelo MC, Posada G, Lopez C, Buitrago CA, Suescun D, Gomez LJ, Ochoa JC, Sasieni P, Almonte M, Herrero R, Sanchez GI. EI triage con prueba de VPH de aIto riesgo y Ia citoIogía repetida son estrategias eficientes para eI manejo cIínico de mujere

Carozzi FM, Confortini M, Cecchini S, Bisanzi S, Cariaggi MP, Pontenani G, Raspollini MR, Sani C, Zappa M, Ciatto S. Triage with human papillomavirus testing of women with cytologic abnormalities prompting referral for colposcopy assessment. Cancer. 2005 Feb 25;105(1):2-7. — View Citation

Cuzick J, Arbyn M, Sankaranarayanan R, Tsu V, Ronco G, Mayrand MH, Dillner J, Meijer CJ. Overview of human papillomavirus-based and other novel options for cervical cancer screening in developed and developing countries. Vaccine. 2008 Aug 19;26 Suppl 10:K29-41. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.06.019. Review. — View Citation

Dalla Palma P, Pojer A, Girlando S. HPV triage of women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance: a 3-year experience in an Italian organized programme. Cytopathology. 2005 Feb;16(1):22-6. — View Citation

Dillner L, Kemetli L, Elfgren K, Bogdanovic G, Andersson P, Carlsten-Thor A, Andersson S, Persson E, Rylander E, Grillner L, Dillner J, Törnberg S. Randomized healthservices study of human papillomavirus-based management of low-grade cytological abnormalities. Int J Cancer. 2011 Jul 1;129(1):151-9. doi: 10.1002/ijc.25649. Epub 2010 Nov 9. — View Citation

Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010 Dec 15;127(12):2893-917. doi: 10.1002/ijc.25516. — View Citation

Instituto Nacional de C. Recomendaciones para el tratamiento de las pacientes con citologia reportada con células escamosas atipicas de significado indeterminado (ASC-US) en Colombia. Guias de practica clinica (No. 2). Bogota, Colombia: INC, 2007

Inter-American-Development-Bank. Structured Pluralism: Toward an Innovative Model for the Reform of Health Systems in Latin America. Office of the Chief Economist. 1997;Working Paper 353.

Kulasingam SL, Kim JJ, Lawrence WF, Mandelblatt JS, Myers ER, Schiffman M, Solomon D, Goldie SJ; ALTS Group. Cost-effectiveness analysis based on the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion Triage Study (ALTS). J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Jan 18;98(2):92-100. — View Citation

Legood R, Gray A, Wolstenholme J, Moss S. Lifetime effects, costs, and cost effectiveness of testing for human papillomavirus to manage low grade cytological abnormalities: results of the NHS pilot studies. BMJ. 2006 Jan 14;332(7533):79-85. Epub 2006 Jan 6. — View Citation

Luce BR, Kramer JM, Goodman SN, Connor JT, Tunis S, Whicher D, Schwartz JS. Rethinking randomized clinical trials for comparative effectiveness research: the need for transformational change. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Aug 4;151(3):206-9. Epub 2009 Jun 30. — View Citation

Ostensson E, Fröberg M, Hjerpe A, Zethraeus N, Andersson S. Economic analysis of human papillomavirus triage, repeat cytology, and immediate colposcopy in management of women with minor cytological abnormalities in Sweden. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2010 Oct;89(10):1316-25. doi: 10.3109/00016349.2010.512066. Erratum in: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2010 Nov;89(11):1497. — View Citation

Schiffman M, Adrianza ME. ASCUS-LSIL Triage Study. Design, methods and characteristics of trial participants. Acta Cytol. 2000 Sep-Oct;44(5):726-42. — View Citation

Schiffman M, Solomon D. Findings to date from the ASCUS-LSIL Triage Study (ALTS). Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003 Aug;127(8):946-9. Review. — View Citation

Sheriff SK, Petry KU, Ikenberg H, Crouse G, Mazonson PD, Santas CC. An economic analysis of human papillomavirus triage for the management of women with atypical and abnormal Pap smear results in Germany. Eur J Health Econ. 2007 Jun;8(2):153-60. Epub 2007 Feb 17. — View Citation

Sørbye SW, Arbyn M, Fismen S, Gutteberg TJ, Mortensen ES. Triage of women with low-grade cervical lesions--HPV mRNA testing versus repeat cytology. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e24083. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024083. Epub 2011 Aug 30. — View Citation

Vanni T, Legood R, Franco EL, Villa LL, Luz PM, Schwartsmann G. Economic evaluation of strategies for managing women with equivocal cytological results in Brazil. Int J Cancer. 2011 Aug 1;129(3):671-9. doi: 10.1002/ijc.25708. Epub 2010 Nov 12. — View Citation

Verdoodt F, Szarewski A, Halfon P, Cuschieri K, Arbyn M. Triage of women with minor abnormal cervical cytology: meta-analysis of the accuracy of an assay targeting messenger ribonucleic acid of 5 high-risk human papillomavirus types. Cancer Cytopathol. 2013 Dec;121(12):675-87. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21325. Epub 2013 Jul 23. Review. — View Citation

Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, Bosch FX, Kummer JA, Shah KV, Snijders PJ, Peto J, Meijer CJ, Muñoz N. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol. 1999 Sep;189(1):12-9. — View Citation

* Note: There are 25 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Cumulative Number of Participants Diagnosed by the Community Pathologist With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 or Higher (CIN2+): "Community-based CIN2+"	Cumulative Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 or higher (CIN2+) diagnosed by the community pathologists during the two years of follow-up. The first community-based CIN2+ diagnosis was adjudicated to the participant (including the exit visit if none community-based CIN2+ during the two years of follow-up). This outcome is used for the effectiveness analysis of the three strategies.	Two years since the enrolment to the exit visit (inclusive)
Secondary	Cumulative Number of Participants Diagnosed by a Panel of External Experts With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 or Higher (CIN2+): "Reviewed CIN2+"	Cumulative Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 or higher (CIN2+) diagnosed by a panel of external experts obtained after histological review of biopsies emitted by the community pathologists. Biopsies obtained during the two years of follow-up and the exit visit were reviewed by a panel of two external experts and a final result was adjudicated to each participant based on the panel of experts and the community of pathologists. This outcome is used for the effectiveness analysis of the three strategies.	Two years since the enrolment to the exit visit (inclusive)
Secondary	Number of Participants Diagnosed by a Panel of External Experts With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 or Higher (CIN2+) at the Exit Visit, Two Years After the Enrolment: "Exit-reviewed CIN2+"	Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 or higher (CIN2+) diagnosed by a panel of external experts after reviewing biopsies collected at the exit visit, two years after the enrolment. This outcome is an estimate of the remaining disease that was not detected by the strategies during the 2 years of follow-up. The outcome was obtained after the review of all the biopsies taken during the exit visit. Biopsies were taken using a standardized research protocol to ensure the completeness of the remaining disease. Basically, all women attending the exit visit were tested with HPV testing and Pap and referred to colposcopy if any HPV positive or abnormal cytology. The colposcopy was performed by a researcher of the study team who took up to two biopsies from the observed lesion plus one or two at random if none lesion was observed. All biopsies were reviewed by the external panel. This outcome is used for the efficiency analysis of the three strategies.	Exit visit (two years after the enrolment)
Secondary	Number of Clinical Records (Cytologies, Colposcopies, and Histologies): "Health Care Utilization"	The outcome is defined as the number of cytologies, colposcopies, and histologies routinely performed during the two years of follow-up. Records were identified in databases or manually searched from clinical records. This outcome will be used for the analysis of the efficiency of the three strategies.	Two years since the enrolment to before the exit visit (i.e., excluding clinical records collected at the exit visit)
Secondary	Self-esteem	Self-esteem corresponds to the self-assessment of a positive or negative evaluation toward oneself. This outcome was measured using the Rosenberg Scale through 10 Likert-type questions with scores varying between 1 and 4 (1=strongly agree, 2=agree, 3=disagree, 4=strongly disagree). Total values range between 10 and 40 where lower scores suggest lower self-esteem. This outcome was measured at the enrollment visit, between two weeks and two months after receiving the triage result, and after one year of receiving the triage result.	Two years between the enrolment and the exit visit
Secondary	Trait Anxiety	Trait anxiety refers to the sustainable tendency to experience negative emotions (such as fears, worries, and anxiety) in various situations. This outcome was measured using the Spielberger State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI) through 20 Likert-type questions with scores varying between 0 and 3 (0=not at all, 1=somewhat, 2=moderately, 3=very much). Total values range between 0 and 60 where higher scores suggest higher levels of anxiety. This outcome was measured at the enrollment visit, between two weeks and two months after receiving the triage result, and after one year of receiving the triage result.	Two years between the enrolment and the exit visit
Secondary	State Anxiety	State anxiety refers to the transitory tendency to experience negative emotions (such as fears, worries, and anxiety). This outcome was measured using the Spielberger State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI) through 20 Likert-type questions with scores varying between 0 and 3 (0=not at all, 1=somewhat, 2=moderately, 3=very much). Total values range between 0 and 60 where higher scores suggest higher levels of anxiety. This outcome was measured at the enrollment visit, between two weeks and two months after receiving the triage result, and after one year of receiving the triage result.	Two years between the enrolment and the exit visit
Secondary	Concerns About Fertility, Cancer, and Gynecological Health	This outcome was measured using the HPV Impact Profile (HIP) scale through the following five domains: concerns about cancer and loss of fertility; emotional impact (depression and anxiety); self-image; interaction with the medical staff (pain or discomfort during the visit); and impact upon the life and its control. The response to each domain was measured on a scale from 0 to 10 (0=not at all, 1-3=a little, 4-6=somewhat, 7-9=a great deal, 10=extremely) and was then transformed to a scale from 0 to 100. A total score was calculated by adding all the items. Values <40 indicate no or little impact, between 40 and 70 moderate impact, and >70 indicate high psychosocial impact. This outcome was measured at the enrollment visit, between two weeks and two months after receiving the triage result, and after one year of receiving the triage result.	Two years between the enrolment and the exit visit