View clinical trials related to BMI.
Filter by:Obese women have a higher prevalence of infertility than their lean counterparts. Obesity is a risk factor for anovulation , including in response to gonadotropin treatment .Further, even in women who are cycling regularly, obesity is associated with increased time-to-pregnancy and decreased chance of natural pregnancy. During obesity or periods of overnutrition, lipid accumulates in nonadipose tissues, notably skeletal muscle, liver, heart, and pancreas due to cellular uptake of exogenous fatty acids, triglycerides, and cholesterol as well as de novo lipogenesis in response to elevated glucose. The accumulation of intracellular lipid leads to high levels of free fatty acids that are subject to oxidative damage and the formation of cytotoxic and highly reactive lipid peroxides, which ultimately are detrimental to intracellular organelles, particularly the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Exposure of the ER to high levels of free fatty acids and lipid peroxides causes structural alterations that perturb ER function and lead to accumulation of unfolded proteins and calcium release. Failure of the UPR to reestablish ER homeostasis can lead to apoptosis .When mitochondria are exposed to high levels of free fatty acids, these can become oxidized by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, forming lipid peroxides that damage essential proteins and uncouple mitochondrial function. This results in mitochondrial damage, which can cause further accumulation of lipids that cannot be catabolized, disrupted cellular homeostasis, and ultimately apoptosis . The cellular mechanisms by which obesity causes decreased conception rates are not known. Based on extensive evidence of obesity-induced lipotoxicity in other cells, it was hypothesized that obesity results in the activation of lipotoxicity pathways in the ovary. It was shown that lipid accumulation, ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis occur in ovarian cells and the oocyte in response to a high-fat diet. The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of high BMI on oocytes, granulose cells and metabolites in the follicular fluid.
The investigators aimed to determine the effects of HP diet on adiponectin and inflammatory factors among overweight and obese children.
The investigators aimed to determine the effects of HP diet on CVD risk factors among overweight and obese children.
The investigators aimed to determine the effects of HP diet on CVD risk factors and hs-CRP among overweight and obese women.
Background: - Most studies of infectious agents have focused on specific microbes, such as human papillomaviruses and cervical cancer, and the hepatitis B and C virus and liver cancer. The skin and many internal areas (including the mouth and the gastrointestinal tract) also contain large numbers of naturally occurring microbes, but these areas have not received as much study. - Some of the infectious agents that naturally reside in the body may have an effect on health. The study of naturally occurring microbes in the human body is a new area of research, and much remains to be learned regarding the extent and pattern of their appearance and appropriate techniques for testing them. - Researchers are interested in collecting human samples from areas known to contain naturally occurring microbes. These samples will provide baseline information for further studies. Objectives: - To collect a set of study samples from individuals who have applied to participate in a study assessing the relationship among the bacteria H. pylori, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Eligibility: - Individuals between the ages of 21 and 65 who are participating in the clinical trial entitled A Phase III Randomized Trial of Three Antibiotic Regimens to Eradicate Helicobacter Pylori. Design: - Researchers will collect oral (saliva), colonic, and skin swab samples from study participants who tested positive for the presence of the H. pylori bacteria. These samples will be collected at the three study visits (enrollment, 6 weeks, and 1 year). - Researchers will also collect samples from people who applied for the clinical trial but did not test positive for H. pylori. These samples will be collected at the enrollment visit and 1 year later. - Blood samples will be collected at each study visit.