Athletes Clinical Trial
Official title:
Rice Germ Supplementation on Moderately Trained Swimmers: a Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial
In order to enhance the effects of training and improve performance, athletes often turn to
nutritional supplements. According to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM),
adequate selection of nutrients and supplements, adjusting intake according to the exercise
performed, is necessary for optimal performance in athletes. The most recent consensus from
the International Society for Sport Nutrition (ISSN), The American Dietetic Association (ADA)
and ACSM on sport nutrition have been reviewed by Potgieter, stating that a single guideline
is not sufficient to elaborate an individualized and focused nutritional management of
athletes. Moreover, apart from the abovementioned guidelines, sport-specific nutritional
strategies, including quantity, structure and timing of food (or supplement) intake should
also be followed in order to maximize sports performance and recovery. The importance of
dietary supplementation is of particular interest in swimming, where athletes usually
undertake a training approach characterized by a high volume of training during aerobic
development and high intensity training during the competition phase, coupled with strength
training.
The size and market value of the sports supplement industry is continuing to grow, with
health, safety and contamination concerns becoming more pressing. Therefore, it is important
to identify dietary supplements that are safe and effective in supporting swimmers. Rice germ
could be a safe and effective dietary supplement for swimmers. In the last few years,
scientific research is trying to use waste rice products in the pharmaceutical and
nutraceutical fields, considering the potential value of nutrients they contain. In
particular, rice germ has a high protein and essential amino acids, such as lysine, histidine
and valine content, a good lipid content (with prevalence of mono- unsaturated and
polyunsaturated fatty acids - in particular linoleic and linolenic essential fatty acids and
oleic acid), an high fiber presence; regarding water-soluble vitamins, rice germ has high
content if thiamine (B1) and pyridoxine (B6), while vitamin E prevails for liposoluble
vitamins. About minerals, are most present iron and magnesium. All these nutrients play
important roles in maintaining the health of athletes. Currently, despite these
characteristics, no study has evaluated the potential beneficial effect of RG supplementation
on athletes. Given this background, the purpose of this investigation was to ascertain
whether performance in swimmers could be improved by a 5-weeks of RG supplementation.
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