View clinical trials related to Anesthesia, General.
Filter by:This study administers sugammadex sodium to pediatric patients under general anesthesia with rocuronium. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis are performed based on plasma concentration of sugammadex sodium and monitoring of neuromuscular blockade.
In this trial the investigators want to examine if there is any difference in hemodynamic stability during induction when comparing two low and a medium remifentanil dose and keeping propofol induction dose at about 2.0 mg/kg.
The study objective is to examine if a high propofol dose is non-inferior to a low dose in respect to hemodynamic stability in healthy patients during induction of general anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil.
The ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (ProSeal LMA; Intavent Orthofix, Maidenhead, UK) is a device with a double cuff to improve the seal and a drain tube to help prevent aspiration and gastric insufflation, facilitate passage of a gastric tube, and provide information about malposition. The manufacturer recommends inserting the ProSealTM LMA using digital manipulation or with an introducer tool, but both these techniques have lower success rates than the classic LMA. This prospective study that will investigated the usefulness of the C-MAC videolaryngoscopy for inserting a PLMA in anesthetized non-paralyzed patients and compared it with the index finger.
During an emergency endotracheal intubation, rapid sequence induction intubation with cricoid pressure is frequently implemented to prevent aspiration pneumonia. When properly applied, cricoid pressure may not affect glottic view during endotracheal intubation with either a direct laryngoscope or a video laryngoscope. However, the application of cricoid pressure is likely to prolong the intubation time. Limited mouth opening or vulnerable teeth, which often accompany the patients requiring emergency intubation, are the two common factors to deter the intubators from using a laryngoscopic device. Besides, the blade of a laryngoscopic device is often too bulky for a narrow mouth opening, and the blade always bears a level force on upper incisors while the intubator is lifting epiglottis during intubation, which is liable to tooth fracture. In this prospective randomized study, the investigators compare the use of the Clarus Video System and that of direct laryngoscope (Macintosh Laryngoscope) in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation in simulated rapid sequence induction intubation for the primary goals of the first attempt success rate and intubation time.
It is unclear if the rate of administration of the fluid challenge could affect the rate of fluid responsiveness. The role of this small-dose (the so called mini-FC) has been recently tested to assess if the infusion of a small amount of fluids (100 ml in 1 minute) could predict the final effect of the residual aliquot (i.e., 250 ml of FC test subdivided as follows: 100 ml in 1 minute and 150 ml in 9 minutes). Both the sudden increase in the stroke volume and the reduction of PPV and SVV after a bolus of 100 ml of crystalloids administered in 1 minute showed high sensitivity and specificity in predicting the final outcome of the FC. The primary aim of the present study is assess whether the does the rate of infusion of fluid challenge affect fluid responsiveness in neurosurgical supine patients. The secondary aim is to assess the reliability of the changes in SV, PPV and SVV after a mini-FC test in predicting the final fluid responsiveness.
There are studies that suggest that unsatisfying levels of anesthesia can cause peri- and postoperative complications in the patient undergoing surgery. Having a unnecessary "deep" anesthesia level can be harmful, causing acute renal failure, injure to myocard, cause delirium and increase the mortality rate. Being too "light", on the other hand, can make the patient experience awareness when muscle relaxant is used. This can lead to serious psychological struggles. Evaluating the depth of anesthesia is the most important task of the anesthesia team, but can be difficult because clinical signs depend on many factors. In addition to clinical evaluation, EEG is commonly used for interpreting the level of anesthesia in todays practice. Unfortunately, this method is not always accurate and has a delay. New devices are now developed to calculate the anesthesia level based on the drugs given. The level is simultaneously presented graphically on screen. The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare clinical parameters within patients undergoing general anesthesia, with and without the use of such devices. Hemodynamic stability, less use of adrenergics, higher EEG-levels, a more rapid wake-up and shorter time in post operative care can indicate a more precise level of anesthesia, hence, promote patient safety.
Most drugs used in general anesthesia work on various receptors in the human brain, causing unconsciousness, loss of memory, and loss of reflection of the autonomic nervous system. After the anesthesia, baseline physiological function will be attained by administration of some reversal drugs or as the time goes by. In this process, various side effects may occur. Emergence delirium (ED) is a representative behavioral disturbance after general anesthesia in children and that can cause several problems during the recovery period. Previous EEG studies reported that this phenomenon is related to hyperexcitation of the brain, and occurrence of epileptiform discharges during anesthesia induction may indicate an increased vulnerability for the development of a functional brain disorder in these children. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no studies concern evaluating quantitative EEG parameters for prediction of this postoperative negative behavior in children.
Sugammadex is the first selective relaxant binding agent approved to reverse certain non-depolarizing neuromuscular drugs in patients 2 years old and above. Although it has been in use over the last 10 years, more pharmacological studies are needed to understand its overall effects on participants. As investigators' primary outcome, the investigators aimed to investigate how differently sugammadex reverses neumuscular blockade caused by rocuronium under general anesthesia maintenance with sevoflurane compared with desflurane. Also, to compare the changes in peak airway pressure. As investigators' secondary outcome, the investigators aimed to compare the changes in heart rate and blood pressures after sugammadex injection under sevoflurane and desflurane general anesthesia.
In this study, the investigators measure a pupil size every 5 minutes during the operation in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. The investigators would compare the postoperative pain intensity between the group adjusted the anesthetic drug concentration based on the changes of the pupil (Pupil group) and the group based on the changes of a surgical pleth index (SPI group).