PrEvalence of Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease Treated by Renal Replacement Therapy

Acute Kidney Injury Clinical Trial

— PEACE  

Official title:

PrEvalence of Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease Treated by Renal Replacement Therapy in the ICU Environment

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02341885
• Other study ID #: PEACE
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• First received: January 12, 2015
• Last updated: January 21, 2016
• Start date: March 2015
• Est. completion date: November 2015

Study information

• Verified date: January 2016
• Source: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: Belgium:'European Society of Intensive Care Medicine'
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

A prospective international, multi-centre, prevalence study on the epidemiology of the use of renal replacement therapy for ICU patients who have acute kidney injury and chronic end stage kidney disease.

Description:

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common finding in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Approximately 30 to 65% of patients experience an episode of AKI, and 5% of ICU patients are treated with renal replacement therapy. AKI is associated withimportant short term and long-term morbidity as well as mortality, and therefore also with costs. Finally, there is a close link between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and AKI. CKD patients are at greater risk for developing AKI, and survivors of AKI treated with renal replacement therapy (AKI-RRT), may develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage kidney disease (ESKD).

Different aspects of RRT modality may impact on outcomes, and data that have emerged over the last decade have improved evidence and also rejected commonly accepted dogma. Initial data suggested a better outcome when a higher dose of treatment was applied [5,6]. However, one small and two large prospective randomised controlled trials failed to reproduce these earlier findings. Observational data seems to suggest that continuous RRT (CRRT) modalities are associated with better outcomes. However, relative small, randomized studies and meta-analyses do not demonstrate such a benefit. Observational data suggests that CRRT is associated with improved renal recovery, and also examining the data from the 2 large randomized studies on intensity of RRT suggest that CRRT confers a benefit. Also, despite RRT being available for over 50 years there are no clear consensus guidelines for the initiation of RRT. A recent survey found that up to 89 different combinations of indications are used. Recently, the Acute Kidney Injury Network and the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) group, formulated recommendations for this. Recent observational studies indicated that commonly accepted cut offs such as serum urea concentration are probably not that important. Furthermore, timing of initiation may have an effect on outcome. Some studies suggest that early initiation is associated with better outcome, on the other hand others could not demonstrate a benefit and have even demonstrated inferior outcomes.

The most recent survey in Europe showed that CRRT is the preferred modality among intensivists, and that despite the recently published evidence treatment doses are similar to those of a decade ago.

Data on the use of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for AKI and for CKD in ICU patients are either on specific patient groups, such as cardiac surgery patients, based on surveys, or dates back for at least a decade. Furthermore, these studies suffered from exclusion bias, as patients who fulfilled criteria for initiation of RTT, but who were denied RRT, were not considered. That this may be an important consideration is illustrated by findings from a recent small single centre study that demonstrated similar mortality rate between RIFLE-F patients who were and who were not treated with RRT. Therefore, the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) recommended measuring the epidemiology of AKI.

The investigators anticipate that the evidence that has been generated on different topics of RRT for ICU patients may have influenced current practice. Also, the investigators anticipate regional differences in RRT practice.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 2000
• Est. completion date: November 2015
• Est. primary completion date: August 2015
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients present in the ICU at time of the study data (date starting at 0:00 h, and ending at 23:59 h) (index ICU stay)

• =18 years of age

• When required by local EC regulations and EC approval, informed consent (written or oral) by the patient or relative.

Exclusion Criteria:

• none

Study Design

Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Prospective

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Acute Kidney Injury
• Chronic End Stage Kidney Disease
• Kidney Diseases
• Kidney Failure, Chronic
• Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
• Renal Replacement Therapy

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Belgium	All Centres From All Over the World Willing to Contribute Are Welcome	Brussels

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
European Society of Intensive Care Medicine

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Belgium, 

References & Publications (37)

Bagshaw SM, Berthiaume LR, Delaney A, Bellomo R. Continuous versus intermittent renal replacement therapy for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2008 Feb;36(2):610-7. doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0B013E3181611F552. Review. — View Citation

Bagshaw SM, Uchino S, Bellomo R, Morimatsu H, Morgera S, Schetz M, Tan I, Bouman C, Macedo E, Gibney N, Tolwani A, Oudemans-van Straaten HM, Ronco C, Kellum JA; Beginning and Ending Supportive Therapy for the Kidney (BEST Kidney) Investigators. Timing of renal replacement therapy and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with severe acute kidney injury. J Crit Care. 2009 Mar;24(1):129-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2007.12.017. Epub 2008 Apr 18. — View Citation

Bell M, Granath F, Schön S, Löfberg E; SWING, Ekbom A, Martling CR. End-stage renal disease patients on renal replacement therapy in the intensive care unit: short- and long-term outcome. Crit Care Med. 2008 Oct;36(10):2773-8. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e318187815a. — View Citation

Bell M, Liljestam E, Granath F, Fryckstedt J, Ekbom A, Martling CR. Optimal follow-up time after continuous renal replacement therapy in actual renal failure patients stratified with the RIFLE criteria. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005 Feb;20(2):354-60. Epub 2004 Dec 14. — View Citation

Bell M; SWING, Granath F, Schön S, Ekbom A, Martling CR. Continuous renal replacement therapy is associated with less chronic renal failure than intermittent haemodialysis after acute renal failure. Intensive Care Med. 2007 May;33(5):773-80. Epub 2007 Mar 16. — View Citation

Bouman CS, Forni LG. Initiation of renal replacement therapy: is timing everything? Crit Care. 2010;14(1):107. doi: 10.1186/cc8188. Epub 2010 Feb 10. — View Citation

Bouman CS, Oudemans-Van Straaten HM, Tijssen JG, Zandstra DF, Kesecioglu J. Effects of early high-volume continuous venovenous hemofiltration on survival and recovery of renal function in intensive care patients with acute renal failure: a prospective, randomized trial. Crit Care Med. 2002 Oct;30(10):2205-11. — View Citation

Cerdá J, Lameire N, Eggers P, Pannu N, Uchino S, Wang H, Bagga A, Levin A. Epidemiology of acute kidney injury. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 May;3(3):881-6. doi: 10.2215/CJN.04961107. Epub 2008 Jan 23. — View Citation

Davenport A. Clinical guidelines for the protection of kidney function and prevention of acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: common sense rather than magic bullets? Intensive Care Med. 2010 Mar;36(3):379-80. doi: 10.1007/s00134-009-1683-1. — View Citation

De Corte W, Vanholder R, Dhondt AW, De Waele JJ, Decruyenaere J, Danneels C, Claus S, Hoste EA. Serum urea concentration is probably not related to outcome in ICU patients with AKI and renal replacement therapy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011 Oct;26(10):3211-8. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfq840. Epub 2011 Mar 18. — View Citation

Forni LG, Hilton PJ. Continuous hemofiltration in the treatment of acute renal failure. N Engl J Med. 1997 May 1;336(18):1303-9. Review. — View Citation

Gibney N, Hoste E, Burdmann EA, Bunchman T, Kher V, Viswanathan R, Mehta RL, Ronco C. Timing of initiation and discontinuation of renal replacement therapy in AKI: unanswered key questions. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 May;3(3):876-80. doi: 10.2215/CJN.04871107. Epub 2008 Mar 5. — View Citation

Hoste EA, Schurgers M. Epidemiology of acute kidney injury: how big is the problem? Crit Care Med. 2008 Apr;36(4 Suppl):S146-51. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e318168c590. Review. — View Citation

Hoste EAJ, J.A. K, group TAKI-EPIs: The epidemiology of acute kidney injury - Preliminary results of the multicenter international AKI-EPI study. Intensive Care Med 2011, 37: S207

Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Levin A, Molitoris BA, Warnock DG, Shah SV, Joannidis M, Ronco C; Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN). Development of a clinical research agenda for acute kidney injury using an international, interdisciplinary, three-step modified Delphi process. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 May;3(3):887-94. doi: 10.2215/CJN.04891107. Epub 2008 Jan 23. — View Citation

Kümpers P, Hafer C, Lukasz A, Lichtinghagen R, Brand K, Fliser D, Faulhaber-Walter R, Kielstein JT. Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin at inception of renal replacement therapy predicts survival in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2010;14(1):R9. doi: 10.1186/cc8861. Epub 2010 Feb 1. — View Citation

Legrand M, Darmon M, Joannidis M, Payen D. Management of renal replacement therapy in ICU patients: an international survey. Intensive Care Med. 2013 Jan;39(1):101-8. doi: 10.1007/s00134-012-2706-x. Epub 2012 Sep 22. — View Citation

Lins RL, Elseviers MM, Van der Niepen P, Hoste E, Malbrain ML, Damas P, Devriendt J; SHARF investigators. Intermittent versus continuous renal replacement therapy for acute kidney injury patients admitted to the intensive care unit: results of a randomized clinical trial. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009 Feb;24(2):512-8. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfn560. Epub 2008 Oct 14. — View Citation

Mehta RL, McDonald B, Gabbai FB, Pahl M, Pascual MT, Farkas A, Kaplan RM; Collaborative Group for Treatment of ARF in the ICU. A randomized clinical trial of continuous versus intermittent dialysis for acute renal failure. Kidney Int. 2001 Sep;60(3):1154-63. — View Citation

Mehta RL, Pascual MT, Soroko S, Savage BR, Himmelfarb J, Ikizler TA, Paganini EP, Chertow GM; Program to Improve Care in Acute Renal Disease. Spectrum of acute renal failure in the intensive care unit: the PICARD experience. Kidney Int. 2004 Oct;66(4):1613-21. — View Citation

Metnitz PG, Krenn CG, Steltzer H, Lang T, Ploder J, Lenz K, Le Gall JR, Druml W. Effect of acute renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy on outcome in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2002 Sep;30(9):2051-8. — View Citation

Ostermann M, Chang RW. Correlation between parameters at initiation of renal replacement therapy and outcome in patients with acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2009;13(6):R175. doi: 10.1186/cc8154. Epub 2009 Nov 4. — View Citation

Pannu N, Klarenbach S, Wiebe N, Manns B, Tonelli M; Alberta Kidney Disease Network. Renal replacement therapy in patients with acute renal failure: a systematic review. JAMA. 2008 Feb 20;299(7):793-805. doi: 10.1001/jama.299.7.793. Review. — View Citation

RENAL Replacement Therapy Study Investigators, Bellomo R, Cass A, Cole L, Finfer S, Gallagher M, Lo S, McArthur C, McGuinness S, Myburgh J, Norton R, Scheinkestel C, Su S. Intensity of continuous renal-replacement therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2009 Oct 22;361(17):1627-38. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0902413. — View Citation

Ricci Z, Ronco C, D'Amico G, De Felice R, Rossi S, Bolgan I, Bonello M, Zamperetti N, Petras D, Salvatori G, Dan M, Piccinni P. Practice patterns in the management of acute renal failure in the critically ill patient: an international survey. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006 Mar;21(3):690-6. Epub 2005 Dec 2. — View Citation

Ronco C, Bellomo R, Homel P, Brendolan A, Dan M, Piccinni P, La Greca G. Effects of different doses in continuous veno-venous haemofiltration on outcomes of acute renal failure: a prospective randomised trial. Lancet. 2000 Jul 1;356(9223):26-30. — View Citation

Ronco C, Ricci Z, Bellomo R. Current worldwide practice of dialysis dose prescription in acute renal failure. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2006 Dec;12(6):551-6. Review. — View Citation

Schiffl H, Lang SM, Fischer R. Daily hemodialysis and the outcome of acute renal failure. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jan 31;346(5):305-10. — View Citation

Seabra VF, Balk EM, Liangos O, Sosa MA, Cendoroglo M, Jaber BL. Timing of renal replacement therapy initiation in acute renal failure: a meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008 Aug;52(2):272-84. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.02.371. Epub 2008 Jun 18. Review. — View Citation

Uchino S, Bellomo R, Kellum JA, Morimatsu H, Morgera S, Schetz MR, Tan I, Bouman C, Macedo E, Gibney N, Tolwani A, Oudemans-Van Straaten HM, Ronco C; Beginning and Ending Supportive Therapy for the Kidney (B.E.S.T. Kidney) Investigators Writing Committee. Patient and kidney survival by dialysis modality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Int J Artif Organs. 2007 Apr;30(4):281-92. — View Citation

Uchino S, Bellomo R, Morimatsu H, Morgera S, Schetz M, Tan I, Bouman C, Macedo E, Gibney N, Tolwani A, Oudemans-van Straaten H, Ronco C, Kellum JA. Continuous renal replacement therapy: a worldwide practice survey. The beginning and ending supportive therapy for the kidney (B.E.S.T. kidney) investigators. Intensive Care Med. 2007 Sep;33(9):1563-70. Epub 2007 Jun 27. — View Citation

Uchino S, Kellum JA, Bellomo R, Doig GS, Morimatsu H, Morgera S, Schetz M, Tan I, Bouman C, Macedo E, Gibney N, Tolwani A, Ronco C; Beginning and Ending Supportive Therapy for the Kidney (BEST Kidney) Investigators. Acute renal failure in critically ill patients: a multinational, multicenter study. JAMA. 2005 Aug 17;294(7):813-8. — View Citation

Uehlinger DE, Jakob SM, Ferrari P, Eichelberger M, Huynh-Do U, Marti HP, Mohaupt MG, Vogt B, Rothen HU, Regli B, Takala J, Frey FJ. Comparison of continuous and intermittent renal replacement therapy for acute renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005 Aug;20(8):1630-7. Epub 2005 May 10. — View Citation

VA/NIH Acute Renal Failure Trial Network, Palevsky PM, Zhang JH, O'Connor TZ, Chertow GM, Crowley ST, Choudhury D, Finkel K, Kellum JA, Paganini E, Schein RM, Smith MW, Swanson KM, Thompson BT, Vijayan A, Watnick S, Star RA, Peduzzi P. Intensity of renal support in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jul 3;359(1):7-20. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0802639. Epub 2008 May 20. Erratum in: N Engl J Med. 2009 Dec 10;361(24):2391. — View Citation

Vaara ST, Korhonen AM, Kaukonen KM, Nisula S, Inkinen O, Hoppu S, Laurila JJ, Mildh L, Reinikainen M, Lund V, Parviainen I, Pettilä V; FINNAKI Study Group. Fluid overload is associated with an increased risk for 90-day mortality in critically ill patients with renal replacement therapy: data from the prospective FINNAKI study. Crit Care. 2012 Oct 17;16(5):R197. doi: 10.1186/cc11682. — View Citation

Vinsonneau C, Camus C, Combes A, Costa de Beauregard MA, Klouche K, Boulain T, Pallot JL, Chiche JD, Taupin P, Landais P, Dhainaut JF; Hemodiafe Study Group. Continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration versus intermittent haemodialysis for acute renal failure in patients with multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome: a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet. 2006 Jul 29;368(9533):379-85. — View Citation

Vinsonneau C, Monchi M. Too early initiation of renal replacement therapy may be harmful. Crit Care. 2011;15(1):112. doi: 10.1186/cc9405. Epub 2011 Jan 26. — View Citation

* Note: There are 37 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Prevalence of severe AKI	Assessment of the prevalence of severe AKI (defined as KDIGO class 3) and CKD (defined by treatment with renal replacement therapy (RRT)), in ICU patients, present at time of the study inclusion day	with a maximum follow up till day 28 following the index study day	No
Secondary	Modalities of RRT	Assessment of modalities of RRT used for treatment of AKI	with a maximum follow up till day 28 following the index study day	No
Secondary	Indications for initiation of RRT	Assessment of indications for initiation of RRT currently described in literature	with a maximum follow up till day 28 following the index study day	No
Secondary	Severity of illness	Assessment of severity of illness at time of data recording	with a maximum follow up till day 28 following the index study day	No
Secondary	Renal outcome	Assessment of renal outcome	with a maximum follow up till day 28 following the index study day	No