View clinical trials related to Virus Diseases.
Filter by:Wearing face coverings in enclosed public spaces is a key public health measure to limit viral spread during the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic. Health psychologists are interested in developing interventions that can increase the likelihood of health-adherent and protective behaviours being consistently undertaken at a general population level. Mental imagery interventions are one way in which behavioural scientists and health psychologists try to encourage behaviour change. Mental imagery involves thinking about, and then writing about, anticipated positive outcomes or key practical requirements of a defined health-related action (e.g. 'moderate alcohol consumption'; 'engaging in regular physical activity'). For this project, the investigators are exploring a mental imagery intervention created to encourage regular and consistent wearing of face coverings in public places where this is currently required in the UK. The investigators will test whether engaging in a mental imagery exercise results in any improvement in wearing a face covering (or intention to wear a face covering) one month later relative to reading a public health message about face coverings. In addition, the investigators will explore belief-based and personality-related factors that might make a difference to the effectiveness of the mental imagery intervention.
A new strain of coronavirus that caused severe respiratory disease in infected individuals was initially identified in China's Wuhan City in December 2019. Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was responsible for the corona virus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19).The World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 was a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30,2020. The impact of COVID-19 in liver recipients remains largely unknown but accumulating experience is going on. Liver transplant recipients should have been classified as a risk group and should have received regular surveillance for COVID-19 throughout the pandemic. Some reports suggest decreasing immunosuppression for infected recipients, if no recent rejection episodes. Paradoxically, others suggest that a reactive immune response might be the cause for severe tissue damage, and that immunosuppression might be protective from the postulated cytokine storm. Some studies stated that the LT patients who are permanently on immunosuppressants could be particularly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, and their prognosis could be worse in comparison to the normal population. They recommended that LT recipients should be closely monitored for SARS-CoV-2. The LT society of India (LTSI) highlighted the potential of LT recipients as asymptomatic carriers and source of viral spread, and that SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted to LT recipients. There are insufficient data on the relationship between immunosuppressive therapy and COVID-19 in LT recipients during this pandemic. However, the Beijing working party for liver transplantation suggested that LT recipients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 should be treated with steroids for a short period to reduce the severity of pneumonia. They also suggested that immunosuppressive therapies should be continued for both patients with mild COVID-19 and those who were not infected by the virus, and calcineurin inhibitor treatment dosage should be reduced in moderate to severe cases. Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) play an important role in virus clearance and have been considered as a key immune product for protection or treatment against viral diseases. Virus-specific NAbs, induced through either infection or vaccination, have the ability to block viral infection. SARS-CoV -2 specific NAbs reached their peak in patients from day 10-15 after the onset of the disease and remained stable thereafter in the patients. Antibodies targeting on different domains of S protein, including S1, RBD, and S2, may all contribute to the neutralization. Al-Rajhi Liver Center is the only liver transplantation center in Upper Egypt that performed only 51 living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) cases since 2014, but it was used as isolation Hospital for COVID-19 cases from March to July, 2020. Communication with liver transplant cases during that period was via Telemedicine. Resuming usual Hospital activity as Tertiary Liver Center occurred in 15 August 2020. Similarly, other Hospitals in Egypt were designated as COVID-19 isolation Hospitals.
This is a phase three study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Pradefovir treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients. Subject will be randomized to Pradefovir group and TDF group at a ratio of 2:1. Treatment duration will be 96w in randomization and followed by 48w in open. The interim analysis will be conducted when all subject completed the first 48-week treatment.
BK virus infection is one of the causes of renal allograft loss in the current era. Reduction of immunsuppression is the only intervention that prooved to be effective in treating of BK virus in kidney transplant recipient. However, there are evidences from retrospective and prospective studies showed that leflunomide and mTOR inhibitor such as everolimus or sirolimus have positive outcomes in treatment of BK virus in kidney tranplant recipient. The investigators conduct the RCT to compare the efficacy of leflunomide and mTOR inhibitor everolimus, in treatment of BK virus infected patients who do not respond to immunosuppression reduction.
The clinical study is designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of inhaled nanoparticle nanoparticle formulation of Remdesivir (GS-5734) alone and in combination with NA-831 in 48 healthy volunteers.
The first person-to-person Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) transmission in Italy was reported on Feb 21st, 2020, causing one of the most massive outbreak in Europe so far that stopped immediately all elective surgical procedures. Bariatric surgery represents the most effective treatment to obtain an important, long-term weight loss and comorbidities' resolution, including respiratory disorders. A sensitive decrease of epidemic has been observed lately and a gradual and progressive stop of the lockdown (phase 2-3) was planned, when the virus is supposed to be under control and protocols are guiding the restart of the elective bariatric surgery. Several questions are currently open: Laparoscopic bariatric surgery is safe in the phase 2-3? What's the expected complications rate? The actual hospital protocols are effective to minimize the risk of postoperative COVID-19 infection? Aim: to analyse results of bariatric surgery during phase 2-3 COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Primary end point: 30 days COVID-19 infection, mortality and complications. Secondary end points: readmission rate 30 days, reoperations for any reason related to surgery. Study design: prospective multicenter observational. Setting: Italian National Health Service 8 high-volume bariatric centres. Enrollment criteria: No previous Covid-19 infection; Primary, standard IFSO approved bariatric procedures; No concomitant procedure; No previous major abdominal surgery; >18<60 years old; Compensated comorbidities; Official SICOB's surgical informed consent given, including COVID-19 addendum; Adherence to very restrictive protocols regarding: hospital admission, management of in-hospital patients and after discharge. Follow-up: scheduled outpatient visit 30th postoperative day. Data evaluation: all the cases performed during July/December 2020 will be collected in a prospective database. Patients operated during the period July/December 2019 in the same centers will be considered comparative group (control). Expected results: Transparent information to the patients, and the introduction of the COVID-19 protocol concerning patients and health-professionals protection, should guarantee a safe restart of bariatric surgery in Italy. The network of 8 high-volume centers sharing information and protocols in this "unexplored" period will be a guarantee for patients' safety. Bariatric surgery should induce a postoperative amelioration of the comorbidities reducing the risks in case of a second outbreak.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of NTX in adult patients (≥18 years and <60 years), with SARS-CoV-2 infection with mild symptoms of COVID-19, compared to a placebo control arm. 135 patients will be randomized to either Nitazoxanide (n=90) or placebo (n=45) (2:1). Simple blind design. Primary endpoint: eradication of virus from patients' respiratory tract secretions by the 7th day of treatment.
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic in March 2020. Early research suggests that children are no more susceptible to COVID-19 infection than adults and that children with confirmed COVID-19 have generally presented with milder symptoms. However, the impact of COVID-19 among Canadian children remains unclear. The prevalence of COVID-19 in children in Canada is currently unknown and no published research exists regarding the risk factors of COVID-19 in children or its potential long-term health effects on physical health or development. Using TARGet Kids!, Canada's largest children's cohort study with over 11,000 children involved, the researchers will conduct a longitudinal observational study aimed to evaluate the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in children and parents; differences among infected and uninfected children in terms of age, sex, and income; risk factors of COVID-19; and longer term health effects of COVID-19 among children. Given the rapid spread of COVID-19 and the unknown health effects of the virus in children, research must be conducted to determine the extent of infections of COVID-19 in children, disease severity, risk factors for infection, and how the virus affects children as they become older.
This is an open-label, single center, pharmacokinetic (PK) study to assess valacyclovir pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in neonates and compare to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the standard of care treatment dose of intravenous acyclovir. 6 (up to 10 infants) with virologically confirmed neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) disease who meet all inclusion/exclusion criteria will be enrolled in the study. Study duration is 5 years. Primary objective is to define the pharmacokinetics of valacyclovir and assess its safety in neonates 2-12 weeks of age who are ≥ 34 weeks gestation.
The aim of the project is to evaluate the immunological features of COVID-19 patients. Patients are recruited without any pharmacological treatments restriction. The number of samples is estimated on the basis of feasibility, that means on the maximum number of patients with COVID-19, who are expected to be able to be enrolled by the units involved. Based on the investigators' experience, gained in the onco-immunological field, considering the time and economic resources available, the investigators expect to enroll at least 80 patients.