Stroke — Brain and Coordination Changes Induced By Robotics and FES Treatment Following Stroke
Citation(s)
Daly JJ, Hrovat K, Holcomb J, Pundik S Brain control of functional reach in healthy adults and stroke survivors. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2014;32(5):559-73. doi: 10.3233/RNN-130361.
Daly JJ, Hrovat K, Pundik S, Sunshine J, Yue G fMRI methods for proximal upper limb joint motor testing and identification of undesired mirror movement after stroke. J Neurosci Methods. 2008 Oct 30;175(1):133-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.07.025. Epub 2008 Aug 22.
Fang Y, Yue GH, Hrovat K, Sahgal V, Daly JJ Abnormal cognitive planning and movement smoothness control for a complex shoulder/elbow motor task in stroke survivors. J Neurol Sci. 2007 May 15;256(1-2):21-9. Epub 2007 Mar 27.
Wang XF, Jiang Z, Daly JJ, Yue GH A generalized regression model for region of interest analysis of fMRI data. Neuroimage. 2012 Jan 2;59(1):502-10. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.07.079. Epub 2011 Jul 31.
CNS Plasticity Induced By Motor Learning Technologies Following Stroke
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
