Pregnant Women — Biomechanical and Viscoelastic Properties of Achilles Tendon in Pregnant Women
Citation(s)
Chang TT, Feng YN, Zhu Y, Liu CL, Wang XQ, Zhang ZJ Objective Assessment of Regional Stiffness in Achilles Tendon in Different Ankle Joint Positions Using the MyotonPRO. Med Sci Monit. 2020 Oct 19;26:e926407. doi: 10.12659/MSM.926407.
Dumas GA, Reid JG Laxity of knee cruciate ligaments during pregnancy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1997 Jul;26(1):2-6.
Orner S, Kratzer W, Schmidberger J, Grüner B Quantitative tissue parameters of Achilles tendon and plantar fascia in healthy subjects using a handheld myotonometer. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Jan;22(1):105-111. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.06.015. Epub 2017 Jun
Snow SW, Bohne WH, DiCarlo E, Chang VK Anatomy of the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia in relation to the calcaneus in various age groups. Foot Ankle Int. 1995 Jul;16(7):418-21.
Investigation of Trimester-Specific Normative Values of Biomechanical and Viscoelastic Properties of Achilles Tendon in Pregnant Women
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
