View clinical trials related to Physical Activity.
Filter by:The walk and bike practice are two physical activities the most cited for benefits of physical activity thanks to their progressive and soft characters adapted to patients suffering from chronic diseases (diabetes, obesity, cancer...) with muscular deficit cardio-respiratory. However, cycling may, depending on the natural land, imply efforts and articular-muscular-tendon pressions more important particularly in hilly natural land. Moreover, lots of physical and physiological barriers oppose to the bike practice in the population of patients with chronic diseases. The electric bike can be useful. This electric bike will be powerful but safe, totally programmable to adapt to patients, slope, rehabilitation objectives but very easy to use. From medicine, it is necessary to ensure a moderate and regular effort regarding patients. To do this, it is necessary to individualize adjustments of electric bike to have a progressive rehabilitation program and a progressive load force. It needs to dispose monitoring and evaluation tools in real situations outside (lots of physiological and technical sensors). The intelligent electric bike for health proposes to be in accordance to this specifications.
The litterature has demonstrates that physical activity can play an important role in decreasing patient mortality rates and increasing its well-being at all time of cancer. Despite this evidence, there is a weak adhesion in patients. It is therefore appropriate to look and see which may explain the high prevalence of physical inactivity in patients with cancer. The main objective of this study will be to recognize psychological and social factors which could explain the commitment or not to a physical activity in cancer patients. Besides the physical limitations related to the cancer and its treatment, socio-economic and psycho-social factors can often play an extremely important role in engagement or maintenance of sporting activity.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to deficiency in either insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. There are different types of diabetes. The most common nowadays is type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance and a relative deficiency of insulin secretion, either of which may dominate to a varying degree. This form of diabetes occurs mainly in mature adults but can also occur at a younger age, or even during adolescence. According to estimates, the number of diabetic subjects in the world increased from 153 million in 1980 to 347 million in 2008. In France, the prevalence of diabetes treated increased from 2.6% to 4.4% between 2000 and 2009, reaching nearly 3 million people. Type 2 diabetes accounts for 92% of cases of diabetes treated, and its share continues to increase due to a relative stability of type 1 diabetes and a steady increase in type 2 diabetes (5.4% per year). The aging of the population, the increase in obesity and the lack of physical activity contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. According to the Entred study conducted in France between 2001 and 2007, four out of five type 2 diabetic patients were either overweight (39%) or obese (41%). In the long term, unbalanced diabetes exposes to macro-vascular complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke, and microvascular complications affecting the peripheral nervous system, kidneys, retina may result in amputation of the lower limb, renal failure and blindness, respectively. As a result, the risk of death for diabetics is at least twice as high as for non-diabetics. However, a good control of the disease by a lifestyle adaptation (lifestyle and dietary measures, physical activity) with good medical care, and possibly pharmacological, can avoid or significantly reduce the risk of complications. The purpose of dietary and lifestyle measures is to reduce hyperglycaemia and to control the weight of the patient. The implementation of effective dietary measures is a necessary prerequisite for the medication treatment of glycemic control and their application should be continued throughout the course of treatment. The treatment of other cardiovascular risk factors and complications of diabetes is also essential for the management of the diabetic patient. The HAS (Haute Autorité de Santé : High Authority of Health) in its latest recommendations for a drug strategy for glycemic control of type 2 diabetes emphasizes that the short-term goal of decreasing hyperglycemia is the improvement of symptoms (thirst, polyuria, asthenia, weight loss and fuzziness visual) and the prevention of acute complications (infectious and hyperosmolar coma). The longer-term goal is the prevention of chronic microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy), macrovascular (myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral arterial occlusive disease) and decreased mortality. The HAS notes, however, that HbA1c as a criterion for substituting morbidity and mortality endpoints in type 2 diabetes is not sufficiently supported in the scientific literature. Be that as it may, HAS recommends individualizing the goal of glycemic control according to the profile of the patient and in particular to mobilize the recommended therapeutic means to reach the HbA1c target, in particular the dietary and hygiene measures. The data in the literature do not allow to define a lower limit for the HbA1c target. For most type 2 diabetic patients, an HbA1c target of less than or equal to 7% is recommended. A target of 6.5% is recommended for newly diagnosed patients with no history of cardiovascular disease and a life expectancy of more than 15 years, as well as for women during pregnancy. An HbA1c target of 8% or less is recommended for patients with proven severe comorbidity and / or limited life expectancy (<5 years), or with advanced or long-lasting macrovascular complications diabetes (> 10 years) and for whom the target of 7% is difficult to achieve because drug intensification causes severe hypoglycaemia, or with a history of macrovascular complication considered as advanced, or with severe chronic renal insufficiency or (stages 4 and 5), as well as for the so-called frail elderly. For elderly people who are "sick", the priority is to avoid acute complications due to diabetes (dehydration, hyperosmolar coma) and hypoglycaemia; Pre-meal capillary glucose values of between 1 and 2 g / l and / or an HbA1c level of less than 9% are recommended. There are many molecules available on the pharmaceutical market to treat this disease (biguanides, hypoglycemic sulfonamides, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 analogues, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, insulin, etc.). It is important to choose, depending on the clinical profile of the patient, the molecule (s) to be combined in order to achieve the glycated hemoglobin targets set by health organizations.
The study has three aims: 1. To investigate the influence of cardiovascular autonomic function on pain sensitivity at rest in patients with fibromyalgia and age- and sex-matched controls 2. To investigate the influence of cardiovascular autonomic function at baseline and during exercise on the pain response following submaximal isometric exercise 3. To study the relation between the pain response following physical and cognitive tasks (exercise and mental math, respectively).
The purpose of this study is to examine whether breaking up prolonged sitting with short regular bouts of walking can reduce blood sugar and cholesterol levels after eating, which are risk markers for Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. This study will compare these responses in normal weight versus overweight/obese South Asian adults.
Introduction The promotion of physical activity among older adults is considered to be one of the main actions that can result in more successful aging. Currently, there are few studies focusing on the effects of long-duration physical activity interventions in older adults. Thus, the purpose of the following study was to analyze the effects of an 8-month multicomponent intervention program on cardiorespiratory capacity, body composition, and strength in a group of nonagenarians. A secondary objective was to determine if the impact of the program differed according to the participants' way of life (institutionalized vs. community dwelling). Methods Participants Participants in this research represent a subset from an ongoing study aimed at collecting baseline and follow-up data over three years, to evaluate the health-related changes observed in a cohort of older adults f The present research was carried out on the basis of data obtained from the individuals in this sample who participated in a multicomponent intervention program offered to the inhabitants of the said region and who met the following inclusion criteria: a) being ninety years of age or older; and b) holding a medical certificate confirming their suitability for sport. The exclusion criteria were a) lack of independent ambulation (walking with an assistive device); b) recent upper or lower limb injuries; c) neurological or orthopedic diagnosis in upper or lower-extremities. Intervention A multicomponent intervention program was developed consisting of two 60-minute sessions per week, held on non-consecutive days, for a period of 8 months. The sessions consisted of a warm-up phase (10') in which individuals performed joint mobility exercises and walked at a rate of 3 km/h. Afterwards, muscular strength work was carried out on the upper and lower limbs, including calisthenic exercises, and the use of dumbbells or medicine balls (1-3kg). Generally, the exercises were organized in two sets of 10-15 repetitions, resting for two minutes between sets. Communal ball games and relay games were then practiced (over a distance of 30 meters). Finally, 10 minutes were devoted to relaxation and stretching exercises. multicomponent intervention program was designed and monitored by a specialist in gerontogymnastics. Evaluations Two weeks before the start and after the end of the exercise program, a series of assessments were carried out, which were monitored by specialists in physical exercise and sport, who did not know whether those evaluated were institutionalized or not. Body composition Weight was measured to the nearest 0.1 kg using a Tefal digital scale (type PP1200VO) with the participants wearing light clothing and no shoes. Height was measured to the nearest millimeter with a field stadiometer (Seca 220). The body mass index (BMI) was calculated taking the body weight in kilograms and dividing it by the height in meters squared (BMI: kg/m2). Densitometry Bone mineral density content (BMD) of the femoral neck was measured using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) machine (Hologic QDR 1000®), which reported BMD in grams per square centimeter (g/cm2). This method was used to ensure better reproducibility, a lower radiation dose and better image resolution (Watts 2004). The minimum significant alteration, with a 95% confidence interval, was 4.7%. Muscular strength Upper limb muscle strength was assessed with the Handgrip Test (HG) on the right hand using a dynamometer (SH5001, SAEHAN Corporation, South Korea). For each measurement, patients were asked to perform their maximum voluntary contraction for 5s. Each measurement was repeated three times with patients resting for 30s between trials. The best performance was recorded for further analysis. Lower limb muscle strength was assessed with the Isometric Knee Extension Test (KNEE), performed three times on the right leg with participants seated on a custom-built chair with a load cell (Vetek VZ101BS, Vaddo, Sweden). For each measurement, participants were asked to perform their maximum voluntary contraction for 5 s. The test was repeated 3 times and participants rested for 2 min between trials. The best performance from the three trials was considered for further analysis. Cardiorespiratory fitness In order to assess the effect of the program on the participants' cardiorespiratory fitness, the six-minute walk test (6MWT), was performed, following standard procedure. The subjects were instructed to walk at their own pace from one end to the other of a 100-foot-long measured distance in an enclosed, level, corridor, and to cover as much ground as possible in 6 min. They were allowed to stop and rest during the test, but were instructed to resume walking as soon as they felt able to do so.
Physical activity and Alzheimer's disease (PAAD-2) is a randomized control trial that will assess the effects of exercise on middle-aged (40-65 years) cognitively normal adults who have a heightened risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to family history (FH+). The investigators will also assess the extent to which this effect is moderated by apolipoprotein epsilon-4 (APOE4) carrier status, and will gather critical new experimental evidence on the use of physical activity to improve cognitive performance by persons at the greatest risk of Alzheimer's disease.
This study is a cluster randomized controlled trial of a multi-level intervention that links Latino Catholic churches (n=14) with their local parks to increase physical activity among Latino parishioners (n=1204) in Los Angeles. The study will examine the impact of the intervention on Latino parishioners' PA and health-related outcomes; explore differences in the intervention's effectiveness by gender; and evaluate factors associated with implementation for future dissemination. If successful, the intervention has the potential for sustainability and scale-up across the largest diocese in the U.S. and potentially across the nation.
The object of this study is to develop a smart physical examination system targeted on the unmet need of the elderly.Furthermore,the ultimate goal is to realize a commercial product aiming at the silver hair market with functional advantages to meet the unmet needs of health management in elderly.
Physical activity is closely associated with well-being condition and health development. The sleep quality and fatigue levels of individuals are also important components of health. Within the scope of our study, it is aimed to investigate the physical activity levels, sleep quality and fatigue levels of the academicians, who are generally working on a desk and we think that they live a sedentary life. Within the scope of this study, academicians were asked to respond to , International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-Short Form), general evaluation form, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) .