Maternal Hypotension — Norepinephrine Consumption After Prophylactic Ondansetron
Citation(s)
Gao L, Zheng G, Han J, Wang Y, Zheng J Effects of prophylactic ondansetron on spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension: a meta-analysis. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015 Nov;24(4):335-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2015.08.012. Epub 2015 Aug 22.
Wang Q, Zhuo L, Shen MK, Yu YY, Yu JJ, Wang M Ondansetron preloading with crystalloid infusion reduces maternal hypotension during cesarean delivery. Am J Perinatol. 2014 Nov;31(10):913-22. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1364189. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
Does Prophylactic Ondansetron Reduce Norepinephrine Consumption in Patients Undergoing Caesarean Section With Spinal Anesthesia?
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
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Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
