Macular Edema — Analyzing Retinal Microanatomy in ROP
Citation(s)
Cai CX, Go M, Kelly MP, Holgado S, Toth CA OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF PORETTI-BOLTSHAUSER SYNDROME: FINDINGS FROM MULTIMODAL IMAGING AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY. Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2022 May 1;16(3):270-274. doi: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000991. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
Finn AP, Chen X, Viehland C, Izatt JA, Toth CA, Vajzovic L COMBINED INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FLAP AND AUTOLOGOUS PLASMA CONCENTRATE TO CLOSE A LARGE TRAUMATIC MACULAR HOLE IN A PEDIATRIC PATIENT. Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2021 Mar 1;15(2):107-109. doi: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000762.
Hsu ST, Chen X, House RJ, Kelly MP, Toth CA, Vajzovic L Visualizing Macular Microvasculature Anomalies in 2 Infants With Treated Retinopathy of Prematurity. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2018 Dec 1;136(12):1422-1424. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.3926. No abstract available.
Ong SS, Cummings TJ, Vajzovic L, Mruthyunjaya P, Toth CA Comparison of Optical Coherence Tomography With Fundus Photographs, Fluorescein Angiography, and Histopathologic Analysis in Assessing Coats Disease. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019 Feb 1;137(2):176-183. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.5654.
Ong SS, Mruthyunjaya P, Stinnett S, Vajzovic L, Toth CA Macular Features on Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging Associated With Visual Acuity in Coats' Disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018 Jun 1;59(7):3161-3174. doi: 10.1167/iovs.18-24109.
Rothman AL, Mangalesh S, Chen X, Toth CA Optical coherence tomography of the preterm eye: from retinopathy of prematurity to brain development. Eye Brain. 2016 May 27;8:123-133. doi: 10.2147/EB.S97660. eCollection 2016.
Tran-Viet D, Wong BM, Mangalesh S, Maldonado R, Cotten CM, Toth CA HANDHELD SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING THROUGH THE UNDILATED PUPIL IN INFANTS BORN PRETERM OR WITH HYPOXIC INJURY OR HYDROCEPHALUS. Retina. 2018 Aug;38(8):1588-1594. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001735.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.