Labor Pain — Lower Limb Compression Prevents Hypotension After Epidural in Labor
Citation(s)
American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Obstetric Anesthesia Practice guidelines for obstetric anesthesia: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Obstetric Anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2007 Apr;106(4):843-63. doi: 10.1097/01.anes.0000264744.63275.10. No abstract available.
Brizgys RV, Dailey PA, Shnider SM, Kotelko DM, Levinson G The incidence and neonatal effects of maternal hypotension during epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. Anesthesiology. 1987 Nov;67(5):782-6. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198711000-00025. No abstract available.
Corke BC, Datta S, Ostheimer GW, Weiss JB, Alper MH Spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean section. The influence of hypotension on neonatal outcome. Anaesthesia. 1982 Jun;37(6):658-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1982.tb01278.x.
Goetzl LM; ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician-Gynecologists Number 36, July 2002. Obstetric analgesia and anesthesia. Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Jul;100(1):177-91. doi: 10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02156-7.
Lower Limb Compression Prevents Hypotension After Epidural in Labor: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
