View clinical trials related to Hyperkinesis.
Filter by:Inhibitory control allows individuals to suppress unwanted actions and to resist irrelevant stimuli. It is thought to be a core deficit in Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study aims at evaluating this deficit in adults with ADHD. Executive and inhibitory capacities, as well as the neural mechanisms underlying inhibitory control, will be assessed in adults with ADHD and two control groups of participants.
In Quebec, there has been an important increase of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnosis since 2015. ADHD symptoms, related to behavioural and/or concentration difficulties, are very similar to other disorders symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, and have a significant impact on students' academic success and future life. Adults (parent, teacher, coach) expectations towards a child's abilities are consciously or unconsciously perceived by the child, influence his expectations of his own abilities, and thus his academic performance (Pygmalion effect). The child and his entourage's expectations are therefore a major factor to consider, especially in school-age children. According to ADHD studies, some brain areas involved in pain regulation and in attention cognitive abilities develop at a slower rate in children with ADHD than the other children. Considering the deleterious consequences generated by the symptoms of this disorder, the research project aims to better understand the role of expectations in children with ADHD in a medical (pain) and school (attention abilities) context. It also aims to contribute to better understand the role of the brain on the expectations effect and ADHD. In this study, children expectations will be modulated while pain experiments and cognitive task will be realized by children with and without ADHD. Brain measures will also be assessed with advanced techniques. Thus, we hope that the results will help improve intervention strategies in these contexts to ensure better support for children with ADHD, with a distant goal of contributing to the development of stronger tools for differential diagnostics.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Foquest® on sleep, using actigraphy and sleep diaries, in children aged 6-12 compared to baseline on no medication. Sleep difficulties, including prolonged sleep onset latency and decreased total sleep time have a significant negative impact on the functioning of children. In adults, sleep deprivation may result in drowsiness and yawning. However, in children, this may manifest as mood and behavioural disturbances which may even mimic the classic symptoms of ADHD; hyperactivity, poor impulse control, and inattention. This can in turn negatively affect the day to day activities of a child such as social interactions and learning. A meta-analysis in 2015 showed that stimulant medications impair sleep of children and adolescents. Some researchers have argued that stimulant medication may improve sleep. Importantly there appears to be heterogeneity in the effects of stimulant medication on sleep with some people sleeping better and some people worse after taking Foquest®. Although the randomized controlled trials done to date have demonstrated the efficacy and outlined the safety profile of Foquest, there remains some unanswered questions about the practical implications in the real-world setting. Some clinicians have raised the concern, for example, that the extended duration of Foquest, may have a negative impact on sleep. This study will evaluate the effect of Foquest® on sleep and particularly sleep latency and self and parent reported sleep restorative quality. This would be a novel study as there is no objective or subjective data on the effect of the Foquest® on sleep latency and total sleep time in children aged 6-12.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two common, severe disorders in children. Unfortunately, pediatric OSA is closely associated with ADHD, and both diseases can cause cognitive impairment, behavior problems, and low academic performance. OSA can damage the brain and induce autonomic dysfunction, and then cause cognitive, behavioral, and quality-of-life problems. The presence of ADHD can further exacerbate these adverse effects of OSA. Therefore, the identification of robust biomarkers of OSA and ADHD is a key imperative to facilitate early identification of the pathological features and mechanisms and to optimize the treatment of OSA and ADHD for the pediatric population. Diffusion MRI of the brain is one of the most widely used technology for assessment of brain tissue integrity and heart rate variability is one of the most widely used measurements of autonomic function. However, the effects of ADHD and adenotonsillectomy on MRI and HRV biomarkers in children with OSA have not been reported. We hypothesize that comorbid ADHD can deteriorate brain damage and autonomic dysfunction, and adenotonsillectomy can reverse these alternations in children with OSA. The aims of this study are (1) to investigate the differences in pediatric brain tissue integrity, autonomic function, attention, behavior, quality-of-life, and sleep factors between the 'OSA with ADHD', 'OSA without ADHD', and 'healthy control' group; (2) to evaluate the efficacy of adenotonsillectomy versus watchful waiting with supportive care, with respect to the same variables of interest; (3) to evaluate whether the relative efficacy of the treatment differs according to baseline ADHD, weight, or OSA severity; and (4) to develop a predictive model for surgical success rate using both conventional well-known factors and MRI/HRV biomarkers. This is a 3-year prospective study that includes two parts. The Part I study is a cross-sectional study recruiting 100 children (5 to 9 years of age) to investigate the differences in brain tissue integrity (voxel-based morphometry and fractional anisotropy; assessed by structure MRI [T1] for volumetric alternations of gray and white matter, resting-state functional MRI for functional connectivity, and diffusion MRI for white matter integrity), autonomic function (time-domain and frequency-domain analyses; assessed by a wearable, real-time HRV measurement), severity pf attentive and behavioral problems (assessed by the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham IV-Teacher and Parent Rating Scale), quality-of-life (assessed by OSA-18), and sleep factors (apnea-hypopnea index, obstructive apnea index, arousal index, mean and least oxygen saturation, and sleep stage; assessed by polysomnography) between the OSA with ADHD group (Study Group 1; n = 40), the OSA without ADHD group (Study Group 2; n = 40), and the healthy control group (Control Group; n = 20). The Part II study is a randomized controlled trial includes a total of 64 children with OSA (32 children will be recruited from Study Group 1 and Study Group 2, respectively). We randomly assigned (1:1) these 64 pediatric patients with OSA to adenotonsillectomy or a strategy of watchful waiting with supportive care, matched by ADHD, obesity, and severe OSA. Variables of interest using the same methodology are assessed at baseline and at 7 months.
This study develops and refines an online platform that will support clinician-directed behavioral and organizational skills intervention for adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with input guided from key stakeholders during focus groups and interviews (phase 1), extended usability testing (phase 2), and a pilot randomized trial (phase 3) of the online tool used in conjunction with an organizational skills intervention.
Drug treatment is often the first and only line of treatment available for ADHD. However, some do not benefit from medication. The importance of psychotherapy is becoming more widely accepted. In this study a group of university students diagnosed with ADHD will be offered cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in groups. The treatment will be provided by a Clinical Nurse Specialist in psychiatric nursing (CNS), in cooperation with school counsellors at the University of Iceland and the Reykjavík University. Brief CBT treatment will be offered, i.e. six group sessions, once a week over a period of six weeks. Little is known about the effects of CBT for adults diagnosed with ADHD. The study could provide knowledge about the effects of CBT on depression, anxiety and ADHD, and on attitudes, for individuals with ADHD. The resulting knowledge might lead to improved well-being and increased quality of life.
The effects of Neurocognitive Exercise Program (NEP) on ADHD symptoms and executive functions in children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) will be investigated using The Conners parent rating scale-revised short (CPRS-RS), Stroop Test, Wisconsin test and Y-Balance test.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood. Patients with ADHD present inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity causing severe impairments on academic achievement, social and professional life and daily functioning. Medications are effective in a majority of children with ADHD, but about 30% do not respond or tolerate stimulants, and some parents refuse pharmacological treatments.Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation is a safe and non-invasive technique of brain stimulation used in several neurological and psychiatric disorders, and recently in ADHD. In patients with ADHD, tDCS stimulations targeted frontal regions improve executive and attentional functioning and daily life symptoms. The objective of this project is to evaluate the efficacy of tDCS (vs sham) during cognitive-remediation exercises on ADHD symptoms (inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity as defined by DSM-5) in children with ADHD between 7 and 14 years of age.
This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of tolperisone (a non-opioid) or placebo administered in subjects with pain due to acute back muscle spasm.
The aims of this study are to evaluate auditory sensitivity in teenagers with ADHD using acoustic reflex thresholds (ART) and to examine the effects of ADHD stimulant medication on ART.