View clinical trials related to Fever.
Filter by:This study aims to conduct a double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the effect of prophylactic antipyretics on the immune responses and rates of fever after inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) in children 6 through 47 months of age. In this study, 160 healthy children, 6 through 47 months of age, including some children at risk of febrile seizure, will be randomized to one of three different treatment arms. Children will receive either blinded therapy with prophylactic acetaminophen or placebo immediately following and every 4 to 6 hours in the 24 hours after receipt of a dose of IIV or open-label ibuprofen every 6 to 8 hours in the 24 hours after receipt of a dose of IIV. Children will be followed for the occurrence of fever, fussiness, changes in appetite and sleep patterns, and use of medical services on the day of and for two days following vaccination. Antibody to influenza antigens contained in the respective 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 vaccines as measured by hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody will be assessed at baseline and four weeks following vaccination. The proportions of children experiencing fever, having solicited side effects, using medical services, demonstrating a serologic response corresponding to seroprotection and seroconversion to each of the IIV antigens will be determined for groups of children in each of the three treatment arms. Likewise geometric mean HAI titers (GMTs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals for each IIV antigen will be calculated for the three treatment arms. The investigators hope to learn whether or not prophylactic antipyretics affect the immune response and fever rates following IIV.
There are compelling medical and public health reasons to reduce unnecessary consumption of antimalarials and strong evidence to support the use of RDTs in malaria case management. The primary study hypothesis to be tested is that clients who know they will receive a subsidy conditional on a positive test are more likely to opt for testing before deciding which drug to buy. The primary endpoint is whether subjects choose to be tested for malaria with a rapid diagnostic test. The secondary endpoint is whether they purchased an artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) or not. The primary outcome of interest is to compare the proportion of participants who choose to receive a free malaria diagnostic test when they can receive a subsidy for a discounted drug conditional on a positive test (Group A compared to Group B) compared to those without the offer of a conditional subsidy. The investigators will use an experimental design that randomly assigns clients to one of four groups. Field workers will canvas households in the study area looking for individuals who have fever or history of fever or illness in the last 24 hours (current illness) who have not yet taken drugs or sought treatment outside the home. Clients who meet the inclusion criteria and give verbal consent to participate will be randomly assigned to one of the four groups. They will be given the location and contact information for their local community health worker who can provide a malaria rapid diagnostic test if they choose to be tested. They will also complete a survey tool. One week later, the field worker will return to interview the participant and determine whether they were tested, what action they took for their illness, what medicine they purchased and how much they paid. The investigators will summarize clients' choice by the four randomized study groups.
Enteric fever, an infection characterised by diarrhoea and rash, is most often caused by a bacteria called Salmonella enterica. After ingesting contaminated food or drink, the Salmonellae travel first to the gut, then the bloodstream, from where they can infect other parts of the body. Antibiotics are used to kill the bacteria, but with increasing rates of antibiotic resistance, this treatment is becoming less effective. Two Salmonella variants, Typhi and Paratyphi, cause over 30 million cases of enteric fever and more than 200,000 deaths per year, mostly in developing countries. While improved hygiene and sanitation should eventually eliminate enteric fever, reduction of the disease burden in the medium term is achievable through effective vaccination. Vaccines likely to be available for mass vaccination are effective only against those Salmonella strains that bear the Vi polysaccharide capsule protein. Strains that do not have these capsule proteins, or have no capsule, will not be affected by vaccination and could 'fill' the space vacated by the capsulated strains. Indeed, enteric fever caused by S. Paratyphi A which does not carry the Vi protein, has risen during the past decade and accounts for more than half of all cases in some areas. Thus it is important that effective vaccines are available to protect against infection by both capsulated and noncapsulated Salmonella enterica. To develop such vaccines, we need a complete understanding of the human immune response to both types, including the contribution of immunity in the gut and the bloodstream, immune response to bacterial surface proteins, and the role of antibodies. How much cross-protection there is between the types of typhoidal Salmonellae after natural infection or vaccination is not known, but this is critical to vaccine development. This project aims to fill in the knowledge gaps highlighted, by fully characterising the infection process and immune response in enteric fever.
Detecting serious bacterial infections (SBI) in children presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) with fever without source (FWS) is a frequent diagnostic challenge. The recently described Lab-score, based on the combined determination of Procalcitonin, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and urine dipstick results, has been shown an accurate tool for SBI prediction on retrospective cohorts. The investigators aimed to assess the usefulness of the Lab-score in safely decreasing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions in children with FWS, and to prospectively determine the diagnostic characteristics of the Lab-score compared to other classically used SBI biomarkers (white blood cell (WBC) count, band count and CRP).
To estimate the incidence of febrile neutropenia in patients with breast cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma receiving high (> 20%) FN-risk chemotherapy and pegfilgrastim primary prophylaxis.
This test is to be collected during the dengue outbreak samples, including samples back in the past and forward to close the case, investigating the prevalence of serum Chikungunya virus infection, and against those suspected dengue fever, Chikungunya disease-related tests conducted to clarify dengue and Chikungunya disease of clinical judgment, rapid method to detect Chikungunya virus and then develop.
A multicenter open-label non-inferiority randomized clinical trial comparing the safety (non-inferiority) of short antibiotic treatment (72 hours) with an anti-pseudomonal carbapenem with regard to treatment failure in comparison with extended treatment (at least 9 days) of high-risk febrile neutropenia in hematology patients receiving standard antimicrobial prophylaxis.
The purpose of this study is to compare the immune responses of two different doses (1.0 mg and 2.0 mg) and two different dosing schedules (two doses or three doses) of a mixed Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Puumala virus (PUUV) DNA vaccine in healthy participants. To maintain a blind, participants in the two-dose group will receive one dose of normal saline placebo. All of the groups will also receive a booster dose 6 months after first vaccination. The results will help to determine which dose and vaccination schedule will be best to move forward in the vaccine development process.
The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) will help to control the disease in patients with Stage 4 stomach or gastroesophageal cancer. The safety of this treatment will also be studied.
The investigators have observed in an open trial that a single session of whole body hyperthermia (WBH) induced rapid antidepressant effects that persisted for at least a week in patients with major depression (MDD) severe enough to warrant inpatient hospitalization. In addition to reducing depression, the single session of WBH induced a prolonged reduction in mean core body temperature, consistent with basic science data from our group suggesting that hyperthermia activates a skin-to-brain pathway that have been shown in animals to be important for mood and body temperature regulation. Consistent with this known anatomy in our preliminary study in depressed patients, reductions in core body temperature were highly correlated with reductions in depressive symptoms over the same time period (one week post WBH). Moreover, patients with higher mean core body temperature prior to treatment had enhanced antidepressant effects. Because increased body temperature is an outcome of poor functioning in the skin-to-brain pathway activated by WBH our data suggests that WBH may actually sensitize this pathway in ways that promote changes in brain functioning known to promote emotional well-being. The results of our first open trial have encouraged us to conduct a larger, more rigorous placebo-controlled, double blind study of WBH for MDD, which is currently underway at the University of Arizona Medical School. Missing from our assessments in this ongoing double-blind study is any measure of the impact of WBH on brain function. The current proposal addresses ths gap in our investigative portfolio by proposing to conduct a second, randomized trial of active vs. sham WBH that will examine the impact of WBH on measures of brain function known from prior studies to be important for both depression and its treatment.