There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Following surgical removal of diseased bowel, patients often require a temporary redirection of bowel contents to a stoma, to allow healing prior to re-joining of the remaining bowel at a later date. Some patients may experience complications, either during or after reversal surgery, and this may be due to changes in the 'friendly' bacteria that live in our bowels. Previous research shows that the distal section of bowel that is non-functioning undergoes tissue-wasting and the 'friendly' bacteria that help our digestion die. Data shows that patients that have a reduction in their microflora are more likely to experience side effects. This study investigates a method of replenishing the microflora prior to surgery.
FARGO is a randomised, phase IIa, multi-centre, placebo-controlled trial to compare Faecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT) with placebo in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and concomitant inflammatory bowel disease.
Anisometropic amblyopia is when one eye has a much stronger glasses prescription than the other, causing poor vision in one eye, even with glasses, because the brain favours the better-seeing eye. With standard care treatment (glasses plus either patching or atropine drops given to the better seeing eye), 35% of children with anisometropic amblyopia do not have any significant visual improvements, and will have reduced vision in one eye for life. There is no consensus for the reasons why some children do not respond as well as others. Recent research using the Plusoptix PowerRefractor (PR3), which quickly measures eye focusing (accommodation), suggested that in children with anisometropic amblyopia, the focusing of the amblyopic eye might influence treatment success. However, such measurements weren't previously common due to equipment limitations in clinics. The investigators aim to use the non-invasive PR3 to assess accommodation in hypermetropic anisometropic amblyopia, at the University of Sheffield. This will be a two-phase study of children aged 4-10 years who have hypermetropic anisometropia. The investigators will recruit participants attending the Ophthalmology Department at Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust (SCH). The investigators will take repeated measurements of accommodation at points during standard care treatment (phase 1) and conduct a pilot intervention study (phase 2) to determine whether adjusting glasses prescriptions based on accommodation responses with amblyopia treatment can improve vision in the weaker eye. The goal is to gather evidence to inform a future larger multicentre RCT to improve the visual outcomes for anisometropic amblyopic children in the future.
This study is being done in order to understand what causes people to have a chronic cough, which is defined as a cough lasting for more than 8 weeks. The research team wish to find out whether there is any inflammation in the lungs of patients with chronic cough. The research team will also determine whether a suspected chemical produced in the body, called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can be responsible for causing the chronic cough. In order to be able to find out what is abnormal in those who have a chronic cough, The research team will need to compare their results with those that do not have a chronic cough. In this study, the research team will examine 10 participants who suffer from chronic cough and 8 individuals who do not have a chronic cough and are healthy.
This study aims to assess the concordance of international asthma guidelines in the diagnosis of asthma and explore the presence of airways disease using additional non-guideline physiologic criteria, such as IOS (impulse osciollometry), not included in the guidelines, but available in the Portsmouth lung function service.
The purpose of this study is to describe the use of teclistamab/talquetamab in the treatment of patients with RRMM outside of clinical trials.
Preterm infants (i.e. born before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy) often require additional care and are admitted to neonatal units. Readiness for discharge home typically requires a level of physiological maturity, such that an infant is: 1) able to breathe spontaneously without additional support; 2) able to maintain body temperature; 3) able to take all nutritional requirements orally; 4) weighs ≥1700 grams and is consistently gaining weight. Staying in the hospital longer than necessary can be detrimental to infants, stressful for families, and costly to the NHS. Reducing the length of stay by just one day would be meaningful to parents and could save the UK National Health Service (NHS) almost £25million per year. Currently little is known about whether, how long and why preterm infants stay in hospital beyond the point at which they are physiologically ready for discharge. This study will use data from babies' medical records from the whole of England and Wales to identify the age and postmenstrual age when preterm infants reach each of the physiological barriers to discharge and identify which physiological discharge barrier requires preterm infants to remain in hospital the longest. The study will quantify the difference between the time preterm infants become physiologically ready for discharge and actual discharge home and describe factors associated with extended stays.
This study will evaluate the effect of triple ICS/LAMA/LABA therapy with BGF MDI 320/14.4/9.6 μg on cardiopulmonary outcomes relative to LAMA/LABA therapy with GFF MDI 14.4/9.6 μg in a population with COPD and elevated cardiopulmonary risk.
EXPEDITION is a Phase 1/2 study in the UK to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ETX101 in participants with SCN1A-positive Dravet Syndrome aged 6 to < 48 months. The study follows and open-label, dose-escalation design.
There is now strong evidence implicating the human gut microbiota in many gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Importantly, this enteric population is susceptible to dietary intervention and represents an exciting target for the prevention and treatment of gut mediated disorders. This study will investigate microbial components and activities associated with the gut microbiome, using a global systems biology approach to explore the capacity of a human milk carbohydrate intervention in modulating this microbial community to target IBS, with the primary objective of improving IBS symptoms. IBS is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal (GI) disorder with significant negative impact on quality of life of patients and high healthcare costs. Although prognosis of IBS is benign, it is a disorder that poses a considerable burden on the individual sufferer and society. Patients typically present with chronic abdominal pain and an altered bowel habit, frequently accompanied by bloating and distension. Often, IBS will afflict sufferers for life, with flares of activity followed by periods of remission. Incidence commonly peaks in the third and fourth decades of life. IBS is suggested to be a disorder of gut-brain interaction, and alterations of the microbiota-host interactions at the mucosal border may cause symptoms such as those previously mentioned. Therefore, microbiota-targeted interventions may benefit some people with IBS by beneficially modulating the gut microbiome. Several studies have confirmed that prebiotics, such as galactooligosaccharides (GOS), are able to successfully stimulate gut bifidobacteria and alleviate symptoms in IBS. Prebiotics are defined as "a substrate that is selectively utilised by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit" [8]. These studies suggest that prebiotics may have potential as therapeutic agents in IBS. Breastmilk is known to play a crucial role in the development of infants, providing key nutrients and immunological compounds important for initial protection against pathogens [9]. Among these compounds, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) represent the third most important component of breastmilk after lipids and lactose. HMOs have also been investigated for potential health benefits in adults, including their potential role as prebiotics for improved gut microbiota modulation. Studies looking specifically at HMO interventions in humans with IBS are sparse. These include a phase II, parallel, RCT in 58 IBS volunteers by Iribarren et al. and an open-label trial with 245 IBS participants from 17 sites across USA by Palsson et al.. None have been sufficiently powered to a degree which could influence clinical practice, but crucially tolerability and safety profiles of HMOs investigated, to date, have been consistently high. Using the global systems biology approach not yet applied to this research question, a pre-competitive approach to selecting a candidate HMO, and a crossover feasibility trial design, the investigators hope to forge a new direction in establishing the merits of HMO use in IBS. This study will look specifically at patients with all IBS subtypes, an area where there is a real therapeutic gap and clinical need for safe, effective therapy to improve quality of life. Participants will be randomly allocated to be given either the HMO or a placebo, with neither the patient nor the researchers knowing which they are receiving (randomised and double blind design). They will take this HMO or placebo for 28 days (randomly distributed), and then stop taking it in a 'washout' period of 28 days, allowing the gut microbiota to return to baseline. Then, the participants will take the other intervention (placebo or prebiotic, whichever they did not take in the first half of the study) for 28 days, then have a further washout period of 14 days. The study will then be over. With this proposal, the aim is to explore how HMOs affect the gut microbiota and whether they can do so in a manner that positively influences patients with IBS. The investigators also hope to develop molecular profiling as part of a research toolkit for gut microbiome-based HMO supplement studies.