COPD — Pursed Lip Breathing With Arm Ergometry After Chin Supported Position in COPD Patients.
Citation(s)
Bharadwaj TA, Jiandani MP, Mehta A PURSED LIP BREATHING INCREASES UNSUPPORTED UPPER EXTREMITY EXERCISE ENDURANCE AND REDUCES DESATURATION IN COPD. Romanian Journal of Physical Therapy/Revista Romana de Kinetoterapie. 2016;21(38).
Halldin CN, Doney BC, Hnizdo E Changes in prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma in the US population and associated risk factors. Chron Respir Dis. 2015 Feb;12(1):47-60. doi: 10.1177/1479972314562409. Epub 2014 Dec 24.
Xu J, He S, Han Y, Pan J, Cao L Effects of modified pulmonary rehabilitation on patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled trail. Int J Nurs Sci. 2017 Jun 27;4(3):219-224. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2017.06.011. eCollection 2017 Jul 10.
Effects of Pursed Lip Breathing With Arm Ergometry After Chin Supported Position in COPD Patients.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
