Cognitive Change Clinical Trial
Official title:
Cognitive Effects of Music and Dance Training in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The study used a randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of two interventions
(dance and musical training) for typically developing children. Interventions were run for
three weeks in local community locations. Participants were tested before and after the
intervention on a battery of cognitive and behavioural measures. They were compared across
groups, and to a control group who do not receive the intervention.
The purpose of the current study was to assess the influence of dance and musical training
on cognitive development. Research has indicated that musical training is associated with
improve cognitive functioning, although the direction of such an association is unclear.
Further, it is uncertain whether any benefits are specific to musical training or can also
be demonstrated with other training activities. The current study used a randomized
controlled trial to assess the causal effects of dance and musical training.
Participants Monolingual children aged between six and nine years old were recruited from
two local communities in Ontario, Canada. Children with developmental delays, learning
disabilities, or previous arts training were excluded from the study.
Participants were randomly allocated to one of two groups
1. Dance intervention group
2. Music intervention group
To establish baseline performance levels and have a comparison, a passive control group was
collected from the same towns using the same exclusion criteria.
Data analysis Difference scores were calculated for each measure by subtracting each
participant's second testing session data from the first. When appropriate, iterative
trimming with a 3 SD cutoff was used, by subject and by condition, to remove outliers.
Results for each measure were analyzed using one-way ANOVAs (analysis of variance) for the
between-subjects factor of training group (music, dance, or control).
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