Chest Pain — Mindfulness in Chest Pain - a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Study
Citation(s)
Chambers JB, Marks EM, Hunter MS The head says yes but the heart says no: what is non-cardiac chest pain and how is it managed? Heart. 2015 Aug;101(15):1240-9. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306277. Epub 2015 Apr 16. Review.
Kabat-Zinn J An outpatient program in behavioral medicine for chronic pain patients based on the practice of mindfulness meditation: theoretical considerations and preliminary results. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1982 Apr;4(1):33-47.
Kisely SR, Campbell LA, Yelland MJ, Paydar A Psychological interventions for symptomatic management of non-specific chest pain in patients with normal coronary anatomy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jun 30;(6):CD004101. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004101.pub5. Review.
Robertson N, Javed N, Samani NJ, Khunti K Psychological morbidity and illness appraisals of patients with cardiac and non-cardiac chest pain attending a rapid access chest pain clinic: a longitudinal cohort study. Heart. 2008 Mar;94(3):e12. Epub 2007 May 31.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
