Cerebrovascular Accident — Mechanisms of Upper-Extremity Motor Recovery in Post-stroke Hemiparesis
Citation(s)
Corti M, McGuirk TE, Wu SS, Patten C Differential effects of power training versus functional task practice on compensation and restoration of arm function after stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2012 Sep;26(7):842-54. doi: 10.1177/1545968311433426. Ep
Phadke CP, Robertson CT, Condliffe EG, Patten C Upper-extremity H-reflex measurement post-stroke: reliability and inter-limb differences. Clin Neurophysiol. 2012 Aug;123(8):1606-15. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.12.012. Epub 2012 Jan 23.
Phadke CP, Robertson CT, Patten C Upper-extremity spinal reflex inhibition is reproducible and strongly related to grip force poststroke. Int J Neurosci. 2015 Jun;125(6):441-8. doi: 10.3109/00207454.2014.946990. Epub 2014 Sep 3.
Mechanisms of Upper-Extremity Motor Recovery in Post-stroke Hemiparesis
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
