View clinical trials related to Atherosclerosis.
Filter by:This prospective, randomized, single-center clinical trial is designed to figure out the most optimal algorithm of remote ischemic conditioning on patients with chronic cerebral ischemia.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of 4 days of sitting and moderate exercise on plasma triglyceride elevation after a meal.
Background: Heart disease is a major cause of illness and death in women. To understand better the role of estrogen in the treatment and prevention of heart disease, more information is needed about its effects on coronary atherosclerosis and the extent to which concomitant progestin therapy may modify these effects. Methods: The investigators randomly assigned a total of 309 women with angiographically verified coronary disease to receive 0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen per day, 0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen plus 2.5 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate per day, or placebo. The women were followed for a mean (±SD) of 3.2±0.6 years. Base-line and follow-up coronary angiograms were were analyzed by quantitative methods. Follow-up coronary angiograms were obtained after an average of 3.2 years of follow up.
Clopidogrel is the most widely used P2Y12 receptor inhibitor and is the only agent of this class currently recommended in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing PCI, and for the treatment of stroke or PAD. Pharmacodynamic (PD) studies have shown that approximately 30-40% of patients experience high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) while receiving clopidogrel treatment. Importantly HPR status has been strongly associated with an increased risk of ischemic events. Multiple approaches have been advocated to reduce HPR rates. In a previous study treatment with high-dose atorvastatin in addition to double-dose clopidogrel reduced platelet reactivity significantly more than double-dose clopidogrel alone in statin-naïve patients with stable CAD and HPR. To date, the exact biological mechanisms involved in the statin modulation of platelet function are not fully understood, although likely attributed to both its lipid-lowering and non-lipid-related effects. Evolocumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). The use of evolocumab plus standard therapy, as compared with standard therapy alone, significantly reduced the incidence of cardiovascular events. Whether the reduction in cardiovascular events is simply due to LDL reduction or might be related to other mechanisms is currently subject of investigation. Although LDL reduction with statin therapies has been associated with reduction in platelet reactivity, to date the effects on platelet aggregation of adjunctive lipid lowering with evolocumab has not been explored. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of evolocumab in addition to statin therapy on HPR rates and platelet reactivity in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and HPR while on clopidogrel treatment.
Epistaxis is a very frequent emergency among adults and often needs specialised treatment in an ENT-department. Among others, atherosclerosis is often named as a reason for an increased risk for Epistaxis. To evaluate whether or not this is the case, the investigators examined the carotid intima media thickness via ultrasound in patients who were treated in the ENT-department of the University Hospital of Zurich.
The effects of 12 hours of prolonged standing will be compared to prolonged standing on a high fat tolerance test the following day. Plasma triglycerides, insulin, and glucose will be measured in a crossover study design.
NSTE-ACS represents the most frequent indication for coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) worldwide. PCI permit to reestablished coronary flow but effectiveness of PCI within thrombus containing lesions is limited by the risk of occurrence of distal embolization and no-reflow phenomenon. Distal embolization lead to coronary microcirculation lesions. This complication is related to poor prognosis. MGuard stent is a stainless-steel closed cell stent covered with an ultra-thin polymer mesh sleeve, which allows to prevent distal embolization during percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. Index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) is a validated method to assess coronary microcirculation. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to demonstrate that MGuard micronet mesh-covered stent prevent distal embolization and microvascular reperfusion impairment during primary PCI, compared with a bare metal stent (BMS) and drug eluting stent (DES) in patients with NSTE-ACS, assessed by Index of microcirculatory resistance.
Intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) accounts for 10 to 40%, depending on ethnicity, of the 700,000 ischemic strokes in the United States every year. The annual rate of recurrent stroke in patients with optimally treated ICAS remains more than twice the average of other stroke etiologies (12.5% vs. 5). A robust literature has established that vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (vwMRI) of extracranial carotid vessel wall enhancement (VWE) can predict stroke, independent of stenosis. VWE has been reported in symptomatic ICAS, but the role of local and systemic inflammation is unknown. Inflammatory biomarkers are elevated in symptomatic extracranial atherosclerosis, but the association with vwMRI findings in ICAS has not yet been explored. VWE is typically demonstrated by the uptake of gadolinium MRI contrast into the aneurysm wall or atherosclerotic plaque. A novel MRI contrast agent, ferumoxytol, allows multi-contrast weighting on T1w and T2w images and provides important insight into the role of local vessel wall inflammation by accumulating in macrophages on delayed T2* sequences. To identify effective prevention and treatment strategies for cerebrovascular disease, we need to critically evaluate vwMRI techniques, determine VWE prevalence, and explore the link between VWE and inflammation.
To determine if there is an association between Porphyromonas gingivalis infection of dental gingiva during primary tooth eruption and thickening of the radial artery intimamedial layers. Thickening of these layers in infants could be a promoting factor for later development of atherosclerosis.
The Beijing Hospital Atherosclerosis Study (BHAS) is a prospective, single-center, observational cohort study performed at the Beijing Hospital in Beijing, China. Subjects enrolled in this study will be the consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography in the hospital. Blood samples are taken immediately before the angiographic procedure. Clinical and angiographic characteristics are recorded. All patients will have routine follow-up at 6 months and 1 year postprocedure, then yearly thereafter. Follow-up includes mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, rehospitalization, coronary revascularization procedures, life styles, and medication use. The primary end point for the study will be the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke and revascularization. This study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Hospital. All enrolled individuals will be received written notice of the intended use of their blood samples and provided written consent. The major objectives of the BHAS Study are to (1) establish a prospective cohort and a biological sample bank in ethnic Chinese with coronary angiography, (2) identify baseline new biosignature profiles such as novel biomarkers via metabolomics approach associated with the subsequent clinical events, (3) assess the use of molecular profiles from multiple platforms (eg, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) integrated with readily available clinical information for improved risk classification for cardiovascular events, and (4) provide clearer understanding of underlying disease processes.