Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip — Tranexamic Acid Study
Citation(s)
Benoni G, Fredin H, Knebel R, Nilsson P Blood conservation with tranexamic acid in total hip arthroplasty: a randomized, double-blind study in 40 primary operations. Acta Orthop Scand. 2001 Oct;72(5):442-8.
Benoni G, Lethagen S, Nilsson P, Fredin H Tranexamic acid, given at the end of the operation, does not reduce postoperative blood loss in hip arthroplasty. Acta Orthop Scand. 2000 Jun;71(3):250-4.
Garneti N, Field J Bone bleeding during total hip arthroplasty after administration of tranexamic acid. J Arthroplasty. 2004 Jun;19(4):488-92.
Hayes A, Murphy DB, McCarroll M The efficacy of single-dose aprotinin 2 million KIU in reducing blood loss and its impact on the incidence of deep venous thrombosis in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery. J Clin Anesth. 1996 Aug;8(5):357-60.
Ho KM, Ismail H Use of intravenous tranexamic acid to reduce allogeneic blood transfusion in total hip and knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2003 Oct;31(5):529-37.
Husted H, Blønd L, Sonne-Holm S, Holm G, Jacobsen TW, Gebuhr P Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss and blood transfusions in primary total hip arthroplasty: a prospective randomized double-blind study in 40 patients. Acta Orthop Scand. 2003 Dec;74(6):665-9.
Jeserschek R, Clar H, Aigner C, Rehak P, Primus B, Windhager R Reduction of blood loss using high-dose aprotinin in major orthopaedic surgery: a prospective, double-blind, randomised and placebo-controlled study. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2003 Mar;85(2):174-7.
Kasper SM, Elsner F, Hilgers D, Grond S, Rütt J A retrospective study of the effects of small-dose aprotinin on blood loss and transfusion needs during total hip arthroplasty. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1998 Nov;15(6):669-75.
Langdown AJ, Field J, Grote J, Himayat H Aprotinin (Trasylol) does not reduce bleeding in primary total hip arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2000 Dec;15(8):1009-12.
Lemay E, Guay J, Côté C, Roy A Tranexamic acid reduces the need for allogenic red blood cell transfusions in patients undergoing total hip replacement. Can J Anaesth. 2004 Jan;51(1):31-7.
Walsh TS, McClelland DB When should we transfuse critically ill and perioperative patients with known coronary artery disease? Br J Anaesth. 2003 Jun;90(6):719-22.
Yamasaki S, Masuhara K, Fuji T Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss after cementless total hip arthroplasty-prospective randomized study in 40 cases. Int Orthop. 2004 Apr;28(2):69-73. Epub 2003 Oct 10.
Randomized Placebo Controlled Study Using Tranexamic Acid in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
