Stomach Neoplasms Clinical Trial
Official title:
Tumor Markers Study in Gastric Cancer for Cancer Immunotherapy
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite
advances in therapeutic intervention, the mortality from this disease remains high. As a
result, most patients are now offered varying combinations of surgery, chemotherapy, and
radiation therapy in order to derive benefits from a multidisciplinary approach.
Unfortunately, therapies are often toxic or debilitating and therapeutic responses can vary.
Thus new therapeutic strategy is required for the treatment of gastric cancer.
In the early 1980s, the discovery of cytolytic T cells (cytolytic T lymphocytes, CTLs)
directed against an antigen presented on tumor cells was published. They can kill many
invasive cells by recognizing the tumor specific antigens on the major histocompatibility
complex (MHC) molecules. It is now generally agreed that although tumors express tumor
antigens, they usually lack immunogenicity because of their inability to activate the immune
response. The current view is that tumor cells are antigenic, but not immunogenic. If we can
artificially activate the immune system against the tumor, it may be possible to eradicate
the tumor. This approach is the basis of cancer immunotherapy.
Many tumor antigens have been defined in terms of multiple solid tumors: MART-1/Melan-A,
gp100, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), HER-2, mucins (i.e., MUC-1), prostate-specific
antigen (PSA), and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) are just a short list. Some immune-based
therapies targeting these tumor antigens are in phase III trials assessing whether
immunizing against these antigens affects overall survival. In gastric cancer, some tumor
antigens such as MAGE-A3, NY-ESO-1, and WT-1 have been reported to be expressed in
substantial proportion of cases. They have the potential to be the targeting molecules for
immunotherapy in the future. In this study, we aim to explore the expression levels of the
four tumor markers (MAGE-A3, NY-ESO-1, WT-1 and PRAME) in gastric cancers of Korean patients
and to examine the correlations of the expression levels of the four markers to
clinic-patholoical factors.
n/a
Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Retrospective
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