| Eligibility |
1. For participants NOT enrolled in an active Tobacco Research Programs study:
Inclusion criteria:
- In good physical health with no unstable or serious medical conditions as
determined by the licensed medical professional;
- In stable and good mental health (i.e. not currently, within the past 6 months,
experiencing unstable or untreated psychiatric diagnosis, including substance
abuse) as determined by the licensed medical professional;
The remaining inclusion criteria is different depending on the type of tobacco product
the individual uses:
A) Non Smokers
- Has consumed less than 100 cigarettes in his or her lifetime.
- Combustible Tobacco Users
- History of at least 5 years smoking
- Smokers will have exclusively smoked at least 5 cigarettes per day for a minimum
of 4 days per week for the past year
B) E-Cigarette Users
- Have not smoked cigarettes in the last month
- Has exclusively used e-cigarettes for at least 3 months
- Has at least 5 instances of using an e cigarettes per day for a minimum of 4 days
per week
C) Medicinal Nicotine Users
- Have not smoked cigarettes in the last month
- Has at least 5 instances of using medicinal nicotine per day for a minimum of 4
days per week
D) Smokeless Tobacco Users
- Have not smoked cigarettes in the last month
- Has at least 5 instances of using smokeless tobacco per day for a minimum of 4 days
per week
E) Combustible Tobacco and E-Cigarette Dual Users
- Has used a combination of combustible tobacco products and e-cigarettes for the
past month.
- Has at least 5 instances of using a combination of combustible tobacco and
e-cigarettes per day for a minimum of 4 days per week
F) Combustible Tobacco and Medicinal Nicotine Dual Users
- Has used a combinations of combustible tobacco products and e-cigarettes for the
past month.
- Has at least 5 instances of using a combination of combustible tobacco and
medicinal nicotine per day for a minimum of 4 days per week
Exclusion Criteria:
- Any tattoos on the medial upper arm (note that one medial upper arm can have a
tattoo, but at least one side does not have a tattoo).
- History of delayed wound healing.
- Intention to quit normal tobacco product use in the next three months.
- Excessive drinking (more than 21 alcoholic drinks per week)
- Taking exclusionary medications (including anti-inflammatory agents) unstable
dosing of medications, or unstable control of symptoms for ongoing medical
conditions (medications or conditions that would impact biomarkers or patient
safety to be determined by the licensed medical professional at each site).
- Active infection (e.g., influenza, cold, respiratory infection, sinus infection),
admission to study will be delayed pending improved health;
- Additional exclusion criteria for those undergoing the additional Laser Doppler
Technologies
- Individuals with extremely sensitive skin that may feel the 45 degrees Celsius is
too warm
- Pregnant or breastfeeding or plans to become pregnant
2. For participants enrolled in an active Tobacco Research Programs study:
Inclusion Criteria:
Concurrent enrollment in one of the following studies (if the study is registered with
clinicaltrials.gov, please click the link to see inclusion/exclusion criteria):
A) Impact of Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes in a Complex Marketplace -
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03272685 B) Clinical trial to assess the
removal of filter ventilation on smoking behavior and biomarkers -
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03637972 C) e-Cigarettes: Formaldehyde DNA
Adducts, Oxidative Damage, and Potential Toxicity and Carcinogenesis -
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03284632 D) Methodology and Development of
Tobacco Related Biomarkers, part of "Metabolism of Carcinogenic Tobacco-Specific
Nitrosamines" Inclusion Criteria - Generally good physical and mental health as
evidenced by a medical history with no unstable medical conditions and study physician
approval.
Exclusion Criteria
- Pregnant or breastfeeding or plans to become pregnant
- Regular use of other tobacco or smoked products (e.g., cigars, pipes, smokeless
tobacco, marijuana) in past 6 months;
- Active infection (e.g., influenza, cold, respiratory infection, sinus infection),
admission to study will be delayed pending improved health;
- Unstable medical or psychiatric condition
SMOKERS
Inclusion:
- Currently smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day;
- History of at least 5 years smoking;
- Stable smoking pattern for the past 1 year (<50% change in brand or number of
cigarettes smoked).
FORMER SMOKERS
Inclusion:
- History of smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day;
- Quitting over 1 year ago
NEVER SMOKERS
Exclusion:
- Smoking more than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime
NICOTINE REPLACEMENT USERS
- Inclusion/Exclusion dependent on intended sample use
E-CIGARETTE USERS (Addendum study) - Inclusion/Exclusion dependent on intended sample
use
SMOKELESS TOBACCO USERS (Addendum study)
- Inclusion/Exclusion dependent on intended sample use
E) Clinical Trial of Watercress in Detoxification of Environmental Toxicants and
Carcinogens - https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03978117 F) Metabolism of
Deuterated NNN in Smokeless Tobacco Users -
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02414477 G) Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect
in SREC Users - https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04003805 H) Nornicotine in
Smokeless Tobacco as a Precursor for Carcinogen Exposure -
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03998735 I) Phase 1 Trial of
Indole-3-Carbinol and Silibinin Inclusion Criteria
- Current smoker of = 8 cigarettes per day for at least the last 6 months by
self-report
Adequate blood counts, and adequate liver and kidney function defined as follows:
1. Hemoglobin = 9 g/dL for women, = 10 g/dL for men
2. Platelet count = 100 x 109/L
3. Total bilirubin = Institutional upper limit of normal (= 1.3 mg/dL for UMMC)
4. ALT = 1.5 times institutional upper limit of normal
5. Creatinine = 1.4 g/dL and estimated GFR = 80 mL/min/1.7m2
Exclusion Criteria
- Daily proton pump inhibitor, H2-blocker (i.e., ranitidine, famotidine), and/or
calcium carbonate use
- History of gastric bypass surgery, gastric banding, bowel resection, malabsorption
syndromes such as celiac sprue or pancreatic insufficiency, or other conditions that
may affect gastric or intestinal absorption of nutrients
- Use of tobacco products other than cigarettes (i.e. snuff, snuz, smokeless tobacco,
cigars, pipes), within 7 days of study registration
- Major or chronic medical disease, including heart disease, poorly controlled
diabetes, etc., to be adjudicated by the principal investigator
- Known active malignancy
- History of aerodigestive malignancies
- Pregnancy, intension to become pregnant within 3 months of study registration, or
lactation. Participants of childbearing potential must have a negative urine
pregnancy test within 14 days of starting the assigned intervention
- Antibiotic use within 2 months of study registration by self-report
- History of respiratory tract cancer
- Known allergy to I3C, Sil, or its components
- Psychiatric and/or social situations that would potentially limit compliance with
study requirements
Exclusion Criteria:
- Any tattoos on the medial upper arm (note that one medial upper arm can have a
tattoo, but at least one side does not have a tattoo).
- History of delayed wound healing.
- Additional exclusion criteria for those undergoing the additional Laser Doppler
Technologies
- Individuals with extremely sensitive skin that may feel the 45 degrees Celsius is
too warm
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