Pregnancy Immune Function Clinical Trial
Official title:
Assessment of Alterations in Immune Function During Pregnancy and Post Parturition
Traditionally, it has been suggested that pregnancy causes an immunosuppressive state that would facilitate fetal tolerance and result in an increased susceptibility to infection. Although the suppression has been characterized as a global T-cell defect, the observation that the increase in susceptibility is restricted only to specific intracellular bacteria and viruses is consistent with a down regulation of only certain components of the innate immune system. Progress in the treatment and management of infections during pregnancy will require further understanding of the changes to the immune system that occur during pregnancy. It is hypothesized that there is a fundamental down-regulation in the innate immune system that occurs during pregnancy and remains until delivery and that changes in serum cytokines influence na(SqrRoot) ve CD4 differentiation to different subpopulations. To that end, this study will evaluate blood samples drawn from pregnant women during early, mid, and late pregnancy and post-partum for changes in the innate immune system and compare them to those of healthy, non-pregnant women. Changes in the cytokine profile and in the lymphocyte and natural killer (NK) cell populations will be identified. A comparison of any observed changes will be made with those previously reported for in vitro and in vivo studies.
Traditionally, it has been suggested that pregnancy causes an immunosuppressive state that
would facilitate fetal tolerance and result in an increased susceptibility to infection.
Although the suppression has been characterized as a global T-cell defect, the observation
that the increase in susceptibility is restricted only to specific intracellular bacteria and
viruses is consistent with a down regulation of only certain components of the innate immune
system. Progress in the treatment and management of infections during pregnancy will require
further understanding of the changes to the immune system that occur during pregnancy. It is
hypothesized that there is a fundamental down-regulation in the innate immune system that
occurs during pregnancy and remains until delivery and that changes in serum cytokines
influence na(SqrRoot) ve CD4 differentiation to different subpopulations. To that end, this
study will evaluate blood samples drawn from pregnant women during early, mid, and late
pregnancy and post-partum for changes in the innate immune system and compare them to data on
a similar cohort of women of childbearing age from an existing database of healthy,
non-pregnant women. Changes in the cytokine profile, gene expression by microarray, and in
the lymphocyte and natural killer (NK) cell populations will be identified. We may perform
neutrophil analysis. We will evaluate toll-like receptors functionality, and any changes in
PBMC throughout pregnancy.
We also plan to evaluate serum cytokine panels, PBMC by flow cytometry, and PBMC for
microarray of gene expression, before and after administration of the influenza vaccine in up
to 20 of the 40 pregnant subjects. Antibody levels will be measured as well.
A comparison of any observed changes will be made with those previously reported for in vitro
and in vivo studies.
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