View clinical trials related to Pneumonia Childhood.
Filter by:The accumulation of secretions in the bronchopulmonary air network promotes the detriment of respiratory functions generating hypoxia and causing a decrease in the cardiac output requiring the use of mechanical ventilation and hemodynamic support. It is intended to control the accumulation of secretions by means of Respiratory Pediatric Physiotherapy (RPP) and to evaluate its effectiveness counting on biological plausibility.
Statement of the problem: •Is there an effect of the cough assist device on Hemodynamic status and oxygen saturation for ventilated children? Null hypothesis There will be no effect of cough assist device on hemodynamic status and oxygen saturation for ventilated children.
Children with pneumonia presenting to the emergency department at Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt or Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh will be potentially eligible for study. During intervention periods, providers caring for enrolled children will be presented with a detailed decision support strategy that emphasizes management in accordance with national guideline recommendations. The anticipated study duration is 24 months and, as this study does not include direct contact with enrolled subjects, there is no anticipated follow up.
The goal of this interventional study is to test if a discharge stewardship bundle is effective at reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions at hospital discharge for children with the three common infections: community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), urinary tract infections (UTI), and skin/soft tissue infections (SSTI). The goals of this study are: - To develop, locally adapt, and implement a discharge stewardship intervention across four geographically diverse children's hospitals. - To measure the impact of the discharge stewardship intervention on antibiotic prescribing and patient outcome for three common pediatric infections. Families who are enrolled in the study will be asked to: - complete a one question wellness track on days 3, 7, and 21 after hospital discharge - complete a brief survey on days 7 and 21 after hospital discharge The study team will conduct interviews with the hospitalists at each of the four participating hospitals to create a "discharge stewardship" bundle. Once the bundle intervention is implemented, the hospitalists will be asked to follow prescribing guidelines for CAP, UTI, and SSTI. They will receive regular group-level feedback reports to show how well they follow the guidelines and motivate the hospitalists to follow the guidelines better.
The purpose of this research is to provide baseline surveillance of pneumonia in young children in Malaysia before and during the implementation of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV). Pneumonia is a respiratory infection that can cause mild to life-threatening disease among all age groups but is the leading infectious cause of death among children globally. The most common cause of pneumonia is infection with a bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae, also known as pneumococcus. Hence, immunisation with a pneumococcal vaccine is an effective way to prevent pneumonia. In Malaysia, pneumococcal vaccination under the National Immunisation Programme (NIP) for children has since commenced in December 2020, comprising of 3 doses at four, six and 15 months. The routine use of PCV in children will contribute to reducing the burden of pneumococcal infections in the country, especially severe infections. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may also have implications on the pneumococcal serotype and clinical presentation of infections in the community.
Lung ultrasound (LUS) in combination with a biomarker has not yet been studied. The investigators propose a clinical trial where the primary aims are: 1. To assess whether an algorithm with LUS and procalcitonin (PCT) may be useful for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia; 2. To analyse the sensitivity and specificity of LUS vs chest radiograph (CXR).
This study evaluates the addition of a novel mask (nasal reservoir cannula) to a standard nasal cannula during supplemental oxygenation for the treatment of hospitalized pediatric patients with hypoxemia due to severe pneumonia. Half of patients (Group A) will receive oxygen for 1 hour using a novel mask (nasal reservoir cannula) plus standard nasal cannula (Period 1), followed by a 1-hour period of continued use of the standard nasal cannula delivery (Period 2). Half of patients (Group B) will receive oxygen for 1 hour using a standard nasal cannula (Period 1), followed by a 1-hour period of continued use of the novel mask (nasal reservoir cannula) plus standard nasal cannula (Period 2).
Children with pneumonia presenting to the emergency department at Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt or Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh will be potentially eligible for study. During intervention periods, providers caring for enrolled children will be presented with a detailed decision support strategy that emphasizes management in accordance with national guideline recommendations. The anticipated study duration is 18 months and, as this study does not include direct contact with enrolled subjects, there is no anticipated follow up.
Quasi experimental study with duration will be of 6 month, data will be collected from Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi. Sample size was calculated from open epi tool (2017) was n=60. Non probability convenient type of sampling technique is used. Children suffering from pneumonia between the ages 5-15 years with class III & IV on pneumonia severity index. Both genders are included under study. Patients on 2nd & 3rd generation anti-biotic therapy for pneumonia are included in the study. Children with musculoskeletal disorders, neuromuscular disorders, cardiovascular co-morbidities and children with diagnosed lobular pneumonia will be excluded. Self-structured questionnaire will be used which includes the demographics, Pneumonia Severity Index, type of Assistive Breathing devices/ Litre of Oxygen support, Vitals, Atrial blood gases(ABG's), Chest X rays and Pediatric Early Warning Sign-Respiratory system.
In Ethiopia, great majorities (95%) of households rely on solid biomass fuels such as wood, muck, crop residues, and charcoal burned in highly polluting stoves to meet the basic household energy needs with its severe health consequences due to emission of toxic indoor air pollutants. Correspondingly, household air pollution (HAP) from biomass fuel use is now estimated to be responsible for nearly 3.5 million premature deaths annually, with the highest disease burdens experienced by countries in sub-Saharan Africa. HAP ranks as the highest environmental risk factors to premature deaths globally and 2nd leading risk factor next to childhood underweight in most of sub-Saharan Africa countries as well as 3rd leading risk factor of disease next to childhood underweight, and suboptimal breastfeeding in Ethiopia. Usually prevention efforts aimed at reducing HAP and related health burdens have been focused on the use of energy efficient cookstoves. There is, however, rigorous lack of evidence in Ethiopia or in other similar settings whether it is possible to achieve adequate HAP reduction and improve health with locally made energy efficient baking stoves from a public health point of view. Particularly, the popular Ethiopian energy efficient "Injera" baking stove has not been researched through stove trial inquiry. Therefore, research studies are required in Ethiopia on health benefits achieved when households adopt energy efficient baking stoves. In view of that, cluster randomized controlled trial will be employed with experimental study design for one year to test the effectiveness of the Ethiopian improved "Injera" baking stove intervention on reducing HAP and childhood acute respiratory infection (ARI) through comparing equal size groups of children before and after part of households received an improved "Injera" baking stove. Accordingly, the proposed stove trial aims to address an important research gap by determining whether the Ethiopian improved "Injera" baking biomass stove intervention can adequately reduce HAP exposure to prevent childhood acute respiratory infection. With this objective, the proposed stove trial will test the hypothesis that there is a statistically significant difference in HAP levels and incidence of childhood ARI when using traditional versus improved "Injera" baking stove in Northwest Ethiopia