Nutrition Clinical Trial
Official title:
Postprandial Responses to Typical UK Meal Nutrient Profiles
The aim of the current study is to investigate the postprandial metabolic response to typically consumed fat and carbohydrate doses in single meals. An additional aim is to validate the use of dry blood spot (DBS) for triglyceride analysis versus venous blood sampling.
Background: Dietary fat consumption is one of the major modifiable risk factors implicated in
the causation of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Postprandial lipaemia (PPL); the increase in
circulating blood triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations after a fat containing meal, is an
independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about how
different doses of fats as found in typical UK meals will influence the level of PPL.
The majority of research into PPL, including work by our own group and others has largely
focused on the postprandial effect following high fat meals, with the primary goal of
assessing mechanisms underlying fat metabolism. However, these findings are not relevant from
a public health perspective; in reality the average fat content of a meal is much lower than
this (~20- 30 g fat, (NDNS, 2013/4)); therefore it is important to assess the impact of doses
of fat in this range on PPL to be relevant to public health. The few dose response studies
that have been performed assessing fat load and PPL have used liquid test meals that are not
relevant to every day meals.
PPL is usually measured by taking a series of blood samples from a cannula, however this is
an invasive procedure. There has been an increase in the development of less invasive
biochemical assessment, e.g. urine or saliva analysis or dried blood spot (DBS) analysis. DBS
analysis is particularly advantageous as samples can be easily collected by the individual
under assessment with minimal equipment and transferred easily for analysis via the post,
providing simple home-testing. Frequently, postprandial research studies will draw blood from
the cannula for multiple related outcomes and therefore, performing multiple assays from one
DBS sample would be advantageous in minimizing participant discomfort.
Aim: The primary aim of the current study is to investigate the postprandial response
following typical UK meal nutrient profiles containing 20-30g fat. Secondary aims will be to
test the feasibility for measuring PPL, insulin, c-peptide and performing metabolomic
analysis from DBS versus serum blood analysis. Further, it will assess the best practice for
collection (venous versus finger prick) and storage (ambient versus freezer) of the DBS
samples.
Hypothesis: Typical UK meal nutrient profiles will elicit detectable PPL. Further, DBS will
be an effective method for measuring postprandial outcomes.
Expected value: The study will provide novel information on the effect of fat doses from
typical UK meals on PPL. It will also provide feasibility for using DBS for measuring
postprandial responses.
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